Research on social connectivity of urban waterfront park based on place attachment

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202212019

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6): 227-235.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202212019

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Research on social connectivity of urban waterfront park based on place attachment

DA Ting¹(), LI Yan², G Mathias Kondolf¹^,³

1. School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
2. School of Management Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
3. College of Environmental Design, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley CA94704, USA

Received:2022-12-11 Revised:2023-02-01 Online:2023-11-30 Published:2023-11-23

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】In this study, the particularity of place attachment(PA) to urban waterfront parks was explained. By distinguishing the degree of visitors’ place attachment, the influencing factors of the vitality of urban waterfront parks were discussed, and the mechanism of waterfront space vitality was clarified.【Method】An analytical framework for social connectivity of urban waterfront park was built. Four typical riverside parks along the Yangtze River, Nanjing, were selected as case studies. Information was collected through a questionnaire survey (n=392) and the “t-test”, variance analysis, and Chi-square test were used to analyze the correlation among variables. The overall objectives were to (1) analyze the particularity of place attachment of urban waterfront parks, and (2) explore the social connectivity factors of urban waterfront parks.【Result】(1) There were differences in cognitive structure of visitors connected to nature. Visitors with high place attachment values identified with natural experiences of water ecology, whereas those with medium/low place attachment values identified with environmental experiences of leisure experiences. (2) Visitors were more likely to form social bonding in places with high place identities. (3) The differences in recreation behavior of visitors in daily/occasional recreation activities depended on whether the river was regarded as part of the individual/community.【Conclusion】 Social connectivity is a specific indicator of urban waterfront vitality and also a state of the visitor using the urban waterfront environment. To enhance the vitality of urban waterfront, it is necessary to fully consider the differences in visitors’ environmental attitudes and recreational behavior towards the waterfront landscape. By applying the place attachment analysis method to the research of social connectivity of urban waterfront, the depth of interpretation of urban waterfront vitality mechanism can be increased, which could provide new insights for the study of urban waterfront vitality.

Key words: river waterfront landscape, urban waterfront vitality, social connectivity, place attachment(PA), perception and identity, Nanjing City

CLC Number:

TU985

DA Ting, LI Yan, G Mathias Kondolf. Research on social connectivity of urban waterfront park based on place attachment[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2023, 47(6): 227-235.

Figures/Tables 7

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References 38

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样本点 sample site	信度分析 Cronbach’s α reliability analysis			相关性分析 correlation analysis
样本点 sample site	PA	PI	PD	R	显著性sig.
鱼嘴FWP	0.902	0.840	0.817	0.327	**
青奥NHIYCP	0.886	0.814	0.814	0.477	***
绿博园NCGEG	0.883	0.809	0.736	0.367	***
万景园WP	0.853	0.823	0.795	0.415	**
总体total	0.923	0.836	0.820	0.369	***

基本情况 demographic characteristics	类别 category	比例/% proportion	PA		PI		PD
基本情况 demographic characteristics	类别 category	比例/% proportion	均值 mean	标准差 SD	均值 mean	标准差 SD	均值 mean	标准差 SD
性别 gender	男性male	48.62	3.568	0.640	3.752	0.688	3.359	0.729
	女性female	51.38	3.431	0.563	3.634	0.610	3.202	0.681
年龄组 age	<18	9.68	3.431	0.432	3.633	0.439	3.229	0.575
	[18,29]	40.55	3.338	0.628	3.568	0.677	3.108	0.680
	[30,45]	33.18	3.636	0.546	3.829	0.546	3.443	0.651
	[46,60]	13.13	3.591	0.624	3.779	0.618	3.404	0.708
	>60	3.46	3.987	0.711	4.147	0.682	3.827	0.803
同行人员 accompany	夫妻/情侣couple/lovers	12.21	3.494	0.730	3.717	0.723	3.272	0.828
	家人family member	32.95	3.549	0.572	3.752	0.571	3.345	0.659
	朋友friend	29.72	3.370	0.578	3.609	0.606	3.130	0.658
	同事colleague	4.38	3.489	0.629	3.579	0.618	3.400	0.680
	独自alone	20.74	3.622	0.597	3.804	0.649	3.440	0.666
居住地点 residential location	周边小区close to the park	33.41	3.651	0.607	3.817	0.653	3.486	0.67
	中心城区downtown area	40.32	3.506	0.549	3.715	0.547	3.296	0.642
	其他城区other parts of cities	10.60	3.333	0.621	3.574	0.697	3.091	0.645
	其他城市from other cities	15.67	3.287	0.660	3.553	0.647	3.021	0.764
访问频率 visiting frequency	第一次来或很少来first time/rarely	31.80	3.226	0.651	3.480	0.668	2.972	0.742
	节假日/周末holiday/weekend	35.94	3.517	0.533	3.721	0.566	3.314	0.599
	1次/周	5.76	3.584	0.367	3.864	0.472	3.304	0.388
	2~4次/周	15.44	3.743	0.562	3.881	0.597	3.606	0.639
	每天都来everyday	11.06	3.863	0.517	4.008	0.541	3.717	0.574

社会维度 socio- demographic variables	场所依恋维度 place attachment dimension	R
社会维度 socio- demographic variables	场所依恋维度 place attachment dimension	t检验 t-test	相关性 correlation	方差分析(F) ANOVA
性别 gender	PA	2.440^*
	PI	1.972^*
	PD	2.554^*
年龄组 age	PA		0.246^**
	PI		0.206^**
	PD		0.235^**
同行人员 accompany	PA			3.073^*
	PI			1.781^ns
	PD			4.007^**

场所依恋测量项目 place attachment item	总体统计特征(n=392) general descriptive statistics analyses				分公园均值及差异度分析 mean and differential analyses
场所依恋测量项目 place attachment item	均值 mean	标准差 SD	偏度 skewness	中位数 median	鱼嘴 FWP (n=83)	青奥 NHIYCP (n=119)	绿博园 NCGEG (n=133)	万景园 WP (n=57)	方差分析 ANOVA F	显著性 sig.
PA	3.484	0.633	0.021	3.500	3.531	3.383	3.496	3.602	1.846	ns
PI	3.692	0.646	-0.074	3.600	3.740	3.681	3.662	3.719	0.293	ns
PI₁	3.745	0.810	-0.170	4.000	3.687	3.798	3.722	3.772	0.371	ns
PI₂	3.798	0.817	-0.348	4.000	3.964	3.773	3.729	3.772	1.515	ns
PI₃	3.599	0.843	-0.084	4.000	3.687	3.487	3.617	3.667	1.137	ns
PI₄	3.599	0.840	-0.044	4.000	3.651	3.538	3.586	3.684	0.518	ns
PI₅	3.719	0.866	-0.398	4.000	3.711	3.807	3.654	3.702	0.664	ns
PD	3.277	0.713	0.040	3.200	3.323	3.0857	3.329	3.484	4.960	**
PD₁	3.349	0.903	0.152	3.000	3.373	3.193	3.376	3.579	2.498	ns
PD₂	3.360	0.965	-0.018	3.000	3.446	3.202	3.368	3.544	1.994	ns
PD₃	2.814	0.969	0.397	3.000	2.783	2.647	2.940	2.912	2.166	ns
PD₄	3.574	0.921	-0.396	4.000	3.759	3.319	3.594	3.789	5.383	**
PD₅	3.286	0.916	-0.054	3.000	3.253	3.067	3.368	3.596	4.990	**

场所依恋测量项目 place attachment items	居住地点均值与差异度 mean and differential analyses of residential locations
场所依恋测量项目 place attachment items	周边小区 (n=119) close to the park	中心城区 (n=170) downtown	其他城区 (n=42) other parts of the city	其他城市 (n=61) other cities	F	显著性 sig.
PA	3.639	3.504	3.305	3.264	6.505	***
PI	3.803	3.711	3.543	3.521	3.543	^*
PI₄	3.798	3.606	3.476	3.279	5.686	***
PD	3.476	3.296	3.067	3.007	7.904	***
PD₁	3.622	3.329	3.286	3.082	5.706	***
PD₂	3.546	3.400	3.071	3.049	5.063	**
PD₄	3.798	3.676	3.190	3.164	10.385	***
PD₅	3.563	3.259	3.143	2.918	7.677	***

Research on social connectivity of urban waterfront park based on place attachment

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