
Genetic variation analysis and selection of clones based on short-term nursery testing on Cunninghamia lanceolata
XIAO Hui, LIN Zezhong, SU Shunde, JIANG Xiaoli, CHEN Haiqiang, WU Wei, LUO Shuijin, PAN Longying, ZHENG Renhua
JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (3) : 63-70.
Genetic variation analysis and selection of clones based on short-term nursery testing on Cunninghamia lanceolata
【Objective】 The efficiency of selection and long-term testing costs for clonal propagation candidates of Cunninghamia lanceolata were improved by implementing a short-term nursery test with 67 clonal propagation candidates. By analyzing the genetic variation of growth traits and the impact of genetic environmental interactions on the selection of various traits of clones during the seedling stage, this study explores strategies for ultra early selection of clone seedlings. 【Method】 A selection procedure was conducted from a population of two million seedlings, with 275 well performing individuals selected for further prorogation. The seeds were collected from a local third generation C. lanceolata seed orchard.The selected plants were propagated into clones by hedged cutting. Of the propagated clones, 67 individuals with a fine rooting ability were selected for further testing under a completely random block design with 12 plants per plot and 10 replications. Four traits (seedling height, diameter above ground, number of branches and the length of the longest branch) were measured after one year’s growth. Furthermore, a phenotypic analysis of variance model was constructed to estimate the values of genetic variance component and genetic environmental interaction effect variance component, and ASReml software was used to estimate in heritance and repeatability, respectively. 【Result】 After planting in the nursery for one year, the average seedling height, ground diamete, number of lateral branches and longest lateral branch length of the tested clones were 0.640 m, 1.010 cm, 10.30 and 0.28 m, respectively. The phenotypic variation coefficients of the four observed traits were 12.86%, 14.88%, 21.34% and 14.89%, respectively. There were notable genetic differences found in the traits of seedling height, diameter above ground, number of lateral branches, and length of the longest lateral branches among the tested clones, and the repeatability of the measured traits exceeded 0.74, and the estimated heritability remained stable at around 0.48. The variance component of the genetic and environmental interaction accounted for about 35% of the total genetic variance. There is a significant correlation between ground diameter and seedling height, number of lateral branches, and length of the longest lateral branch, with genetic correlation coefficients above 0.9. The genetic gain estimates of seedling height, number of lateral branches, and longest lateral branch length gradually increase with the decrease of selection rate based on the ground diameter trait. However, the variance ratios of repeatability, heritability, and genetic environmental interaction of seedling height, number of lateral branches, and longest lateral branch length remain within a relatively stable range, exhibiting varying degrees of wavy fluctuations. As the selection rate decreases, the value of repeatability and heritability of ground diameter decrease, while the variance ratio of genetic environmental interaction increases. When the selection rate decreased to below 40%, the genetic environmental interaction variance ratios of the three traits of seedling height, number of lateral branches, and longest lateral branch length of C. lanceolata clones reached 41.18%-48.61%, 37.82%-40.13% and 39.61%-54.37%, respectively. However, the genetic environmental interaction variance ratio of diameter rapidly increased from 45.91% to 94.33%.When the number of selected clones decreased from 19 to 16, the genetic environmental interaction variance ratios of ground diameter heritability and genetic environmental interaction variance ratios changed significantly, with diameter heritability decreasing from 0.226 3 to 0.091 4 and genetic environmental interaction variance ratios rapidly increasing from 63.09% to 83.26%. Based on a selection rate of approximately 30%, 19 clones were selected for further evaluation in multiple sites in a long-term afforestation project in a mountain area. The average seedling height, ground diameter, number of lateral branches, and longest lateral branch length of the selected clones were 0.73 m, 1.20 cm, 12.4 branches and 0.33 m, respectively. The estimated average genetic gains of the four observed traits were 10.81%, 15.45%, 16.66% and 13.88%, which were 14.06%, 18.81%, 20.39% and 17.86% higher than the population average, respectively. 【Conclusion】 The effect of genetic environmental interaction on the phenotypic traits of C. lanceolata clones cannot be ignored, and its interaction variance accounts for a large proportion of the total genetic variance. The growth of height and lateral branches of C. lanceolata clones are relatively less affected by the genetic environmental interaction effect, while the growth of ground diameter are more sensitive to changes in the microenvironment of the nursery or from unknown factors. Therefore, combining the growth performance of tree height and ground diameter of C. lanceolata clones for short-term testing can achieve ideal of selection. Reducing the selection rate does not eliminate the influence of genetic environmental interaction on ground diameter and longest lateral branch length. High intensity selection can actually increase the influence of genetic environmental interaction. Appropriate selection intensity can not only retain the richness of genetic variation in target traits between clones, but also fix most of the genetic environmental interaction effects. Short-term nursery testing can serve as a rapid preliminary screening technique, especially when there is a large amount of clonal candidates to be tested. Several benefits were apparent, including forest-land use and the long-term cost efficiency of testing. The clonal traits, genetic components, and interaction between genetics and environment could be evaluated in the super-early stage of clonal evaluation.
Cunninghamia lanceolata / clones / short-term testing / genetic and environmental interaction components / repeatability / early selection
[1] |
韩刚, 黄少伟. 无性系林业与林业可持续发展[J]. 福建林业科技, 2003, 30(4):89-92.
|
[2] |
康向阳. 关于无性系林业若干问题的认识和建议:以杨树为例[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2017, 39(9):1-7.
|
[3] |
彭万喜, 吴义强, 张仲凤, 等. 中国的杉木研究现状与发展途径[J]. 世界林业研究, 2006, 19(5):54-58.
|
[4] |
马常耕. 杉木近期良种选育的基本策略[J]. 广东林业科技, 1992, 8(4):1-5.
|
[5] |
王港, 陈骏, 侯娜, 等. 杉木无性系规模化组培繁育技术研究[J]. 湖北林业科技, 2014, 43(5):7-9,63.
|
[6] |
欧阳磊, 郑仁华, 翁玉榛, 等. 杉木优良无性系组培快繁技术体系的建立[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2007, 31(3):47-51.
|
[7] |
吴擢溪, 李振问, 吴大忠. 杉木组织培养繁殖体系建立的研究[J]. 福建林学院学报, 1991, 11(1):67-74.
|
[8] |
贾茹, 孙海燕, 王玉荣, 等. 杉木无性系新品种‘洋020’和‘洋061’10年生幼龄材微观结构与力学性能的相关性[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(5):165-175.
|
[9] |
李荣丽, 黄寿先, 梁机, 等. 杉木无性系生长和木材品质性状遗传变异研究[J]. 南方农业学报, 2014, 45(9):1626-1631.
|
[10] |
彭华贵, 李兆佳, 周志平, 等. 4个杉木品系在广东省天井山林场的生长比较[J]. 林业与环境科学, 2017, 33(4):25-28.
|
[11] |
孙云, 李鑫, 李勇, 等. 幼树阶段杉木不同无性系生长与形态性状分析[J]. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2019, 39(3):34-39.
|
[12] |
胡德活, 林绪平, 阮梓材, 等. 杉木无性系早-晚龄生长性状的相关性及早期选择的研究[J]. 林业科学研究, 2001, 14(2):168-175.
|
[13] |
何贵平, 陈益泰, 关志山, 等. 杉木无性系生长及分枝习性的遗传变异[J]. 林业科学研究, 1997, 10(5):556-559.
|
[14] |
段红静, 曹森, 郑会全, 等. 杉木不同无性系主要经济性状变异分析[J]. 西南林业大学学报, 2016, 36(2):78-83.
|
[15] |
饶显生, 程书建, 刘化桐, 等. 杉木无性系苗期选择可靠性分析[J]. 福建林学院学报, 2002, 22(1):82-85.
|
[16] |
齐明, 何贵平, 曹高铨, 等. 杉木耐贫瘠优良无性系苗期初选[J]. 林业科学研究, 2013, 26(3):379-383.
|
[17] |
王明庥. 林木遗传育种学[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 2001.
|
[18] |
陈岳武, 施季森. 杉木遗传改良中的若干基本问题[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 1983, 7(4):5-19.
|
[19] |
|
[20] |
林元震. R与ASReml-R统计学[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 2017.
|
[21] |
朱之悌. 林木遗传学基础[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 1990.
|
[22] |
李火根, 黄敏仁, 陈道明. 美洲黑杨×青杨F1无性系生根性状的遗传变异及C效应[J]. 东北林业大学学报, 1998, 26(3):12-15.
|
[23] |
|
[24] |
杨米娇. 杉木半同胞家系种批和空间重复对育种值估计的影响[D]. 南京: 南京林业大学, 2016.
|
[25] |
平文丽, 杨铁钊. 体细胞无性系变异及其在作物育种中的应用[J]. 西北农业学报, 2005, 14(5):23-31.
|
[26] |
王军辉, 张建国, 张守攻, 等. 青海云杉硬枝扦插的激素、年龄和位置效应研究[J]. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2006, 34(7):65-71.
|
[27] |
郭长花. 白杨年龄与位置效应的生理生化机制研究[D]. 北京: 北京林业大学, 2008.
|
[28] |
国家林业局. 杉木无性系扦插育苗技术规程:LY/T 1885—2010[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2010.
State Forestry Administration of the People’s Republic of China. Technical regulation of cutting propagation for Cunninghamia lanceolata clones:LY/T 1885—2010[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2010.
|
/
〈 |
|
〉 |