Variation characteristics of soil structure in different farmlands across the typical black soil region in northeast China

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202303054

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (1): 194-200.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202303054

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Variation characteristics of soil structure in different farmlands across the typical black soil region in northeast China

LIU Chaonan(), WANG Enheng^*(), CHEN Xiangwei, WANG Yating, LI Jinnuo

College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China

Received:2023-03-31 Revised:2023-11-12 Online:2025-01-30 Published:2025-01-21
Contact: WANG Enheng E-mail:LiuCNboy@163.com;erxin222@163.com

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】This study aims to explore the degradation degree and area differences of soil structure in different areas across the typical black soil region, and to provide reference and basis for the protection of black soil and the restoration of degraded cultivated land. 【Method】 The characteristics of soil aggregates, soil porosity and water retention capacity, and soil three-phase structure of uncultivated grassland and farmland (cultivated for 60 years) were measured by dry-wet sieving and cutting ring method, and were comparatively analyzed in three areas (hill area, rolling hill area, low mountain area). 【Result】The results showed that the mechanical and water stability of aggregates, porosity, and water retention quality of soil were significantly better in the uncultivated hill area and rolling hill area than those in the low mountain area, while the generalized soil structure index was significantly lower in the low mountain area. The degradation of the mechanical stability of aggregates was not obvious after long-term cultivation (60 years), while the degradation of water stability of aggregates was in the order of low mountain area > hill area > rolling hill area. The total porosity and water retention capacity of the soil in the hill area and rolling hill area degraded seriously, while it showed an increased tendency in the low mountain area. The ratio of solid, liquid and gas phases of soil approached the ideal three-phase structure and was beneficial to crop growth in the 0-10 cm soil depth of the hill area and rolling hill area, but there was no significant change in the low mountain area. The increase in the solid phase proportion leads to the obvious degradation of the soil three-phase structure in the 20-40 cm soil depth of all three areas. 【Conclusion】The soil structure in uncultivated areas has regional differences in the typical black soil region. The hill area and rolling hill area had a superior aggregate structure, soil pore structure, and water retention capability, while the low mountain area had a superior soil three-phase structure. Farmlands in the three different areas across the typical black soil region showed a trend of degradation, with varying degrees of degradation among the areas. The soil pore structure and the three-phase structure of the hill area and rolling hill area degraded more seriously, while the aggregate structure of the low mountain area degraded more seriously.

Key words: soil structure, soil aggregate, soil pore, water retention capability of soil, soil three-phase, typical black soil region in northeast China

CLC Number:

LIU Chaonan, WANG Enheng, CHEN Xiangwei, WANG Yating, LI Jinnuo. Variation characteristics of soil structure in different farmlands across the typical black soil region in northeast China[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2025, 49(1): 194-200.

Figures/Tables 6

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References 26

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土层深度/cm soil depth	样地类型 land use type	地形区 topogra- phical area	土壤质地组成占比/% percentage of soil texture components			土壤有机质含量/ (g·kg^-1) SOM content	pH
土层深度/cm soil depth	样地类型 land use type	地形区 topogra- phical area	砂粒sand	粉粒silt	黏粒clay	土壤有机质含量/ (g·kg^-1) SOM content	pH
0~10	草地 grassland	S1	14.78±2.45	55.09±1.88	30.13±0.83	151.05±1.47	5.44±0.04
		S2	6.33±2.70	60.23±1.66	33.44±1.67	132.46±0.52	5.83±0.06
		S3	23.26±0.94	48.13±1.88	28.61±1.72	70.34±0.47	5.61±0.01
	耕地 farmland	S1	18.74±2.18	42.42±2.41	38.84±0.59	57.46±0.23	5.76±0.07
		S2	6.75±1.37	50.21±1.20	43.04±0.53	49.93±0.20	5.91±0.01
		S3	4.62±1.84	57.75±1.07	37.62±0.90	71.77±0.14	5.49±0.03
20~40	草地 grassland	S1	7.11±3.17	50.37±2.90	42.52±1.36	60.97±0.81	5.38±0.02
		S2	10.25±5.90	54.23±3.52	35.52±3.57	67.88±0.18	6.12±0.01
		S3	24.56±2.46	43.55±1.87	31.89±0.73	17.06±0.18	6.04±0.10
	耕地 farmland	S1	20.11±2.31	40.79±1.69	38.94±1.17	34.45±0.12	5.90±0.01
		S2	6.55±1.15	53.91±1.54	39.54±0.75	25.35±0.08	6.40±0.03
		S3	4.32±1.23	54.39±0.46	41.29±1.04	36.88±0.10	5.74±0.04

土层深度/cm soil depth	样地类型 land use type	地形区 topographical area	团聚体平均质量直径 /mm soil aggregate mean weight diameter		团聚体破碎率/% percentage of soil aggregate destruction
土层深度/cm soil depth	样地类型 land use type	地形区 topographical area	干筛 dry sieving	湿筛 wet sieving	团聚体破碎率/% percentage of soil aggregate destruction
0~10	草地 grassland	S1	3.56±0.48 Ba	1.53±0.01 Aa	51.41±3.55 Ba
		S2	2.52±0.62 Bb	1.25±0.04 Ab	39.05±8.23 Bb
		S3	1.71±0.17 Bb	1.06±0.02 Ac	27.29±3.47 Bc
	耕地 farmland	S1	3.74±0.26 Ab	0.58±0.04 Bb	83.11±0.58 Ab
		S2	5.24±0.54 Aa	0.96±0.08 Ba	61.36±3.24 Ac
		S3	2.90±0.47 Ab	0.24±0.00 Bc	97.58±0.22 Aa
20~40	草地 grassland	S1	2.84±0.19 Ba	0.50±0.02 Aa	89.01±0.39 Bb
		S2	3.06±0.68 Ba	0.54±0.03 Aa	82.59±2.60 Bc
		S3	3.01±0.04 Ba	0.26±0.02 Ab	97.13±0.04 Ba
	耕地 farmland	S1	5.30±0.22 Aa	0.44±0.02 Ba	92.06±0.17 Ac
		S2	4.36±0.52 Ab	0.35±0.01 Bb	95.24±0.20 Ab
		S3	4.61±0.38 Aab	0.22±0.01 Bc	98.61±0.05 Aa

土层深度/cm soil depth	地形区 topographical area	饱和含水率/% maximum water content	毛管孔隙含水率/% capillary water content
	S1	-54.18±27.28 b^*	-55.68±23.59 b^*
0~10	S2	-56.54±8.87 b^*	-50.74±10.58 b^*
	S3	10.80±7.34 a^*	7.72±10.43 a
	S1	-28.12±1.56 c^*	-26.91±1.55 c^*
20~40	S2	-15.97±1.97 b^*	-14.61±2.17 b^*
	S3	12.36±5.86 a^*	12.78±5.45 a^*

土层深度/cm soil depth	区域 area	广义土壤结构指数 generalized soil structure index
土层深度/cm soil depth	区域 area	草地 grassland	耕地 farmland
	S1	52.18±6.42 Bb	98.84±0.66 Aa
0~10	S2	54.11±9.58 Bb	96.32±0.57 Aab
	S3	92.12±3.56 Aa	92.93±3.58 Ab
	S1	50.26±5.26 Ab	36.50±4.30 Bb
20~40	S2	66.01±7.67 Aa	48.97±1.79 Ba
	S3	62.63±7.84 Aa	42.83±7.71 Bab

Variation characteristics of soil structure in different farmlands across the typical black soil region in northeast China

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