Analysis of genetic diversity and construction of core collections of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) natural population

YAN Pingyu, ZHANG Lei, WANG Jiaxing, FENG Kele, WANG Haohao, ZHANG Hanguo

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (5) : 69-80.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）
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JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (5) : 69-80. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202304035

Analysis of genetic diversity and construction of core collections of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) natural population

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Abstract

【Objective】 Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) is a valuable tree species that is distributed throughout northeastern China. Over the past century, human interference has led to a gradual decrease in the number of individuals and distribution of its natural population. Assessing the genetic diversity and building a core collection of natural Korean pine could provide a scientific basis for the effective conservation, management, and utilization of Korean pine germplasm resources. 【Method】 A total of five well-preserved natural populations of Korean pine in Hebei, Wuying, Xiaobeihu and Jixi in Heilongjiang Province and Lushuihe in Jilin Province in northeast China were studied. A combination of phenotypic data and molecular markers was used to construct the core collection. 【Result】 Molecular and phenotypic ANOVA results showed that the genetic variation of Korean pine natural populations mainly originated from inter-individual differences, which accounted for 96% and 72.84% of the total variation, respectively. The Jixi population was genetically distant from other populations, with an average Fst of 0.026 8. It also had a high genetic diversity, with Shannon and phenotypic diversity index values of 1.111 and 2.00, respectively. The population structure analysis showed that the five Korean pine natural populations had no obvious subpopulation structure. There were no significant changes in the genetic diversity of Korean pine populations among the different forest ages. Additionally, in the younger forest there was no evidence of heterozygous deletions or inbreeding. There was a broad correlation between needle traits and geographic factors, resulting in the phenotypic differentiation of Korean pine populations. 【Conclusion】 The Shannon and phenotypic diversity indexes of the core collection constructed by combining molecular and phenotypic markers with a 30% sampling ratio were 1.076 and 2.018, respectively, which was representative of the genetic status of Korean pine populations. This information can be used to better manage the germplasm resources of Korean pine and promote its protection and use. The genetic structure characteristics indicated a need to focus on in situ protection of the natural germplasm and to promote ecological recovery, germplasm protection, and use of Korean pine.

Key words

Korean pine(Pinus koreciensis) / natural populations / genetic diversity / genetic structure / core collection / forest breeding / native trees

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YAN Pingyu , ZHANG Lei , WANG Jiaxing , et al . Analysis of genetic diversity and construction of core collections of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) natural population[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2024, 48(5): 69-80 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202304035

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