【Objective】Camellia huana is a rare and endangered plant endemic to Guizhou province. It is only distributed near Shuangjiang Town, Ceheng County, Guizhou Province, and its natural population is in continuous decline. The floral characteristics, breeding system and pollination biology of C. huana were studied to reveal the life history characteristics of this species and explore the factors affecting its reproductive success, so as to provide scientific basis for the development of corresponding protection and utilization.【Method】In this study, the flowering biology, flower organ characteristics and breeding system, pollen viability, stigma acceptability, cross index and pollination mode of adult plants of C. huana were observed in the wild population and introduced cultivation population.【Result】(1)C. huana bloomed from October to November and average flowering time per plant is 20.57 days.Each plant blossoms 20 flowers per day, and the average flowering time per plant was 139.71 flowers. The population flowering time was about 1-2 months.(2) It is a bisexual flower and 1-3 terminal or axillary flowers. The immature bud is relatively slow, the bud period is 12.47 days on average, and the single flowering period is 4-7 days.(3) The diameter and height of the corolla were 36.85 and 31.94 mm, respectively. The stalk length, calyx width and style length of the wild population were significantly longer than those of the introduced population, while the anther width was slightly smaller than that of the introduced population. (4) The pollen vitality begins at the early stamen showing stage,and they achieve their maximum vitality after the petals have unfolded, and then gradually weakened. Before withering, it still had vitality, but the vitality was weak.The stigma receptivity started from bloom and lasted for one to two days,and the pollen viability was high in the whole florescence.Male and female reproductive units in the duration of the encounter period,but the time is short. The stigma and anther are almost in the same position at the time of flowering,and the relative position of the stamen and style remained unchanged in the whole flowering process.(5)A study of the breeding system indicated that the pollen-ovule ratio was about 122.11,and the crossing index was three.The bagging experiments showed that C. huana was adapted to both wind and insect pollination,After dropping stigma with 10% (mass fraction) sucrose solution, the seed set rate of artificial cross-pollination was twice higher than that of natural pollination.The pollination insects were Dilichovespula saxonica, Vespa velutina and Apis cerana.In the breeding system of this species,out-crossing predominates, although partially self-compatible,it requires pollinators.【Conclusion】C. huana blooms in October to November, the population flowering period is relatively long, the single flower flowering period is 4-7 days, belongs to the bisexual flowers, some males premature and male and female, its breeding system is self-compatible, sometimes need pollinators, anemophilic and entomophilic mixed pollination type.