Effect of potassium fertilization on the composition and content of volatile secondary metabolites in leaves and twigs of young Phoebe bournei

LUO Jiaqi, WEN shizhi, LIU Peishu, PENG Xiaofeng, ZHOU Jinjin, HE Gongxiu

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (5) : 75-86.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）
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JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (5) : 75-86. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202307031

Effect of potassium fertilization on the composition and content of volatile secondary metabolites in leaves and twigs of young Phoebe bournei

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Abstract

【Objective】Deciphering the effects of different potassium (K) additions on the total amount and main components of volatile secondary metabolites (VOCs) in the leaves and twigs can provide guidance for the multifunctional management of Phoebe bournei. 【Method】Here, the 10-year-old P. bournei monoculture plantations in Jindong Forestry Farm were selected as research objects, and five potassium fertilizer (K2O>52%) levels (CK, 0 g/individual; K1, 60 g/individual; K2, 120 g/individual; K3, 180 g/individual; K4, 240 g/individual) were employed and conducted. The samples were collected in January and July after the amendment of potassium fertilizer (in summer). The determinations and extractions of plant VOCs were using hydro distillation and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). 【Result】The potassium fertilization level had a significant effect on the content of VOCs in P. bournei. The VOCs content in leaves and twigs showed a trend of initially increasing and then decreasing. In January, the highest extraction rate (mass fraction) was observed in the K2 treatment (in leaves 0.48‰, in twigs 0.55‰), while the highest extraction rate (mass fraction) was observed in the K1 treatment (in leaves 0.47‰, in twigs 0.34‰) in July. Alloaroma dendrene, caryophyllene and (-)-alpha-pinene in leaves was the feature components in leaves of P. bournei VOCs, and beta-caryophyllene, (-)-alpha-pinene and (-)-alpha-bisabolene were the characteristic components of VOCs in twigs. The VOCs were mainly composed of olefins, naphthalenes, and alcohols. The relative content of olefins and naphthalenes in the leaves increased significantly under the K2 treatment in both seasons, while the relative content of alcohols decreased significantly after fertilization. In addition, leaf nutrients had a positive effect on the content of VOCs in twigs, and the path coefficient was extremely significant. Twig nutrients had a positive effect on the relative content of various types of VOCs in the leaves. 【Conclusion】The application of potassium fertilizer significantly affects the amount and components of VOCs and nutrient content in the leaves and twigs of P. bournei, when the application is 60-180 g/individual, the total content of VOCs in the leaves and twigs of P. bournei reaches its highest level. Overall, K3 is the optimal treatment in January, while K2 is the optimal treatment in July. The model demonstrates that nutrient elements have a positive impact on the synthesis of sesquiterpenes such as alkenes and naphthalenes in the VOCs found in leaves and twigs.

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Phoebe bournei / potassium fertilizer / volatile secondary metabolites / nutrient

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LUO Jiaqi , WEN shizhi , LIU Peishu , et al . Effect of potassium fertilization on the composition and content of volatile secondary metabolites in leaves and twigs of young Phoebe bournei[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2025, 49(5): 75-86 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202307031

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