Physiological response of Quercus texana seeds during dehydration

ZHAO Wei, WANG Haoyu, ZHU Mingwei, XU Zhibiao, HUANG Tao, SUN Liyong, HOU Jing, LI Shuxian

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (3) : 144-152.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）
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JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (3) : 144-152. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202311009

Physiological response of Quercus texana seeds during dehydration

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Abstract

【Objective】Quercus texana is primarily propagated via seeds, but these are highly sensitive to dehydration, which limits their transport and storage potential. This study investigated the physiological changes occurring during seed desiccation to elucidate the mechanisms underlying their intolerance to dehydration. 【Method】Seeds of Q. texana were analyzed at moisture contents (WC) of 39.6% (fresh seeds), 35.0%, 30.0%, 25.0%, 20.0%, 15.0%, and 13.0%. Germination percentages and physiological parameters, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), proline, saccharides, soluble proteins, and malondialdehyde (MDA), were measured to explore the effects of desiccation. 【Result】When the WC exceeded 25.0%, the germination percentage remained above 90.0%. However, as the dehydration of Q. texana seeds progressed, the germination percentage progressively declined, reaching 38.3% at a WC of 15.0%. Further reduction in WC to 13.0% resulted in the complete inhibition of germination, with the percentage falling to 0.0%. The regression model (y = 0.016 5x3 - 1.553 6x2 + 47.84x - 392.03) established critical and semilethal WC at 21.4% and 16.7%, respectively. MDA levels increased continuously during desiccation, indicating heightened lipid peroxidation. SOD content exhibited an initial rise, followed by a sharp decline at 25.0% WC, while CAT activity exhibited a consistent decline, accelerating below 25.0% WC. The levels of osmoregulatory substances, such as proline and sucrose, increased up to 20.0% WC but decreased thereafter. The soluble sugars peaked at 15.0% WC, while reducing sugars steadily increased. The soluble protein content declined, though this decline was not statistically significant across desiccation stages. Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between germination percentage and SOD and CAT activities, and a negative relationship with MDA, reducing sugar, proline, soluble sugar, and sucrose levels. 【Conclusion】Q. texana seeds demonstrated a high level of intolerance to dehydration, necessitating a minimum WC of 21.4%, preferably above 16.7%, for safe transport and storage. It was observed that initial dehydration stress is mitigated by enhanced SOD activity and increased osmoregulatory substances such as proline, sucrose, and soluble sugars. However, the progressive decline in CAT activity and soluble proteins, combined with MDA accumulation and rising reducing sugars, compromises seed viability under prolonged desiccation.

Key words

Quercus texana / recalcitrant seeds / dehydration tolerance / osmoregulator / antioxidant enzyme

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ZHAO Wei , WANG Haoyu , ZHU Mingwei , et al . Physiological response of Quercus texana seeds during dehydration[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2025, 49(3): 144-152 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202311009

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