Preliminary study on the function of Gymnosporangium yamadae effector GyHGSRE1

GAO Xinmei, SHAO Chenxi, LIANG Yingmei, LAO Wenhao

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (5) : 209-216.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）
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JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (5) : 209-216. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202312029

Preliminary study on the function of Gymnosporangium yamadae effector GyHGSRE1

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Abstract

【Objective】The study determined the core biological function of the effector protein GyHGSRE1 secreted by the Gymnosporangium yamadae haustoria. This work provides foundational data for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of G. yamadae effector protein.【Method】The haustorial transcriptome of G. yamadae prioritized GyHGSRE1 as a highly expressed effector (FPKM = 117.92). MEME (http://meme-suite.org/) predicted its two-dimensional structure, while Tencent AI (https://drug.ai.tencent.com) generated the three-dimensional model. Real-time PCR quantified GyHGSRE1 expression level during fungal infection. Yeast secretion assays validated the signal peptide’s secretory capacity. Transient expression via Agrobacterium tumefaciens assessed GyHGSRE1 function in Nicotiana benthamiana and apple (Malus domestica) leaves.【Result】GyHGSRE1 contains an N-terminal serine-rich signal peptide. qRT-PCR demonstrated peak expression during haustorium maturation and spore development (pycniosporophores/aeciospores). The protein was localized to plant cell cytoplasm and nuclei, triggering cell death and immune responses in leaf cells of N. benthamiana. Full-length GyHGSRE1 induced cell death in apple leaves, but deletion of the signal peptide attenuated this activity.【Conclusion】The glycine-serine-rich atypical effector GyHGSRE1 exhibits dual localization and cell necrosis-inducing effects across plant species, implying broad-spectrum elicitor potential. Its expression correlates with critical infection stages (host colonization and sporulation). The signal peptide may mediate functional specificity, likely influencing host-pathogen recognition.

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Gymnosporangium yamadae / atypical effector protein / elicitor / signal peptide / plant immunity

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GAO Xinmei , SHAO Chenxi , LIANG Yingmei , et al. Preliminary study on the function of Gymnosporangium yamadae effector GyHGSRE1[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2025, 49(5): 209-216 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202312029

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