Regularities of fruit growing and development and its inclusion of Xanthoceras sorbifolium

LI Yuyan, AO Yan, ZHAO Leilei, XU Xiangyin, CHEN Yuhong, NA Risu

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (2) : 31-37.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）
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JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (2) : 31-37. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202401027

Regularities of fruit growing and development and its inclusion of Xanthoceras sorbifolium

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Abstract

【Objective】 Xanthoceras sorbifolium is a unique woody oil-bearing tree species native to China. In addition to the value of its seed oil, the saponins in the fruit husk also have significant utilization values in production. This study aims to analyze the dynamic changes in fruit morphological traits, kernel oil content, saponin, soluble sugar, and starch content during the growth and development of fruits from superior clonal lines of X. sorbifolium, intending to provide a scientific basis for the efficient cultivation and fruit harvesting strategies. 【Method】 The study observed the dynamic changes in the growth and development of the fruits and their internal content and constructed a growth model accordingly. 【Result】 (1) The development processes of fruit transverse and longitudinal diameters followed sigmoid growth curves. Fruit development can be divided into four stages: the initial growth stage (1-16 days after flowering), the rapid growth stage (17-38 days after flowering), the late growth stage (39-45 days after flowering), and the fruit maturity stage (46-80 days after flowering). (2) The key periods for accumulating seed oil and fruit peel saponins were 45-80 days and 55-65 days after flowering, respectively. The peak values appeared at 80 days (62.75%) and 65 days (1.599%). Peak values for soluble sugars and starch occurred at 75 and 65 days after flowering. (3) The contents of saponin, soluble sugar, and starch in the fruit showed a highly significant positive correlation with the transverse and longitudinal diameters and the fruit’s fresh weight. 【Conclusion】 The optimal harvesting period for X. sorbifolium fruits for oil usage is 75-80 days after flowering, during which the transverse diameter of the fruit ranges from 64.82 to 66.47 mm, and the longitudinal diameter from 67.26 to 69.97 mm. For saponin usage, 60-65 days after flowering is suitable for fruit harvest, at which time the transverse diameter of fruits is 62.64 to 63.63 mm, and the longitudinal diameter is 65.57 to 65.94 mm.

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Xanthoceras sorbifolium / fruit development / nutshell inclusion / saponin

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LI Yuyan , AO Yan , ZHAO Leilei , et al . Regularities of fruit growing and development and its inclusion of Xanthoceras sorbifolium[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2025, 49(2): 31-37 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202401027

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