Variation and trade-offs of twig and leaf traits among different broadleaved life form plants in the primitive broadleaved-Korean pine forest

HOU Xuanzhu, LI Nan

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (3) : 163-171.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）
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JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (3) : 163-171. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202403012

Variation and trade-offs of twig and leaf traits among different broadleaved life form plants in the primitive broadleaved-Korean pine forest

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Abstract

【Objective】The trade-off between twig and leaf traits is crucial for understanding how plants allocate resources under various environmental stresses. This study focused on 12 dominant or common broadleaved plants in a natural broadleaved-Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) forest. 【Method】We used one-way ANOVA or non-parametric rank-sum tests to analyze trait differences among different life forms or species. Standardized major axis estimation (SMA) was employed to investigate correlations between twig and leaf traits. 【Result】Broadleaved plants of different life forms exhibited similar trends in twig and leaf traits. Specifically, variation in twig cross-sectional area and volume-based leafing intensity were greater than 30%, twig mass variation exceeded 20%, while individual leaf mass, total leaf area, and individual leaf area variations were below 15%. Trees had significantly higher individual leaf area, total leaf area, and individual leaf mass compared to shrubs. There was a positive allometric relationship between twig cross-sectional area and individual leaf area in trees, while shrubs showed a positive isometric relationship. Both trees and shrubs exhibited positive isometric relationships between twig cross-sectional area and total leaf area, with only some species showing positive allometric relationships. Both tree and shrub species demonstrated negative allometric relationships between volume-based leafing intensity and individual leaf area or mass, with some tree species showing negative isometric relationships. 【Conclusion】The results suggest that twig and leaf traits across different plant life forms generally follow allometric relationships. Allometric growth enhances plant survival strategies, and the trade-off model of twig and leaf traits is influenced by growth patterns.

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broad leaved-Korean pine forest / trade-off relationship / life form / trait variation / volume-based leafing intensity / functional traits

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HOU Xuanzhu , LI Nan. Variation and trade-offs of twig and leaf traits among different broadleaved life form plants in the primitive broadleaved-Korean pine forest[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2025, 49(3): 163-171 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202403012

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