ISSR analysis of genetic diversity of Quercus acutissima germplasm resources in Anhui Province

HE Zhonghua, CAO Cuiping, ZHAO Xuyang, WANG Leihong, ZHONG Nengcun, SHU Fenfen, ZHANG Qiulu, ZHENG Changfei, HONG Tao

Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (3) : 189-200.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）
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Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (3) : 189-200. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202403025

ISSR analysis of genetic diversity of Quercus acutissima germplasm resources in Anhui Province

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Abstract

Quercus acutissima is a deciduous tree species，belonging to the family Fagaceae and the genus Quercus. It is native to China and widely distributed throughout the country. There are abundant resources of the species in Anhui Province. Q. acutissima is an important tree species for afforestation，timber，biomass energy，and woody food. In recent years，the species has been affected by resource loss due to deforestation and exploitation，which has led to genetic erosion. Up to now，the basic information of genetic diversity of the species in Anhui Province is unknown.【Objective】The genetic diversity and genetic structure of Q. acutissima in Anhui Province were investigated based on the inter-simple sequence repeat（ISSR）markers，in order to provide a theoretic basis for conservation and sustainable utilization of germplasm resources of this species in the province.【Method】A total of 319 sample trees from 14 populations distributed in the province were used in the present research. Fourteen ISSR polymorphic primers were selected for polymerase chain reaction（PCR）assay. The parameters of genetic diversity were calculated. The overall genetic diversity and genetic structure of the species were evaluated.【Result】A total of 645 polymorphic loci were amplified. At the species level，the parameters of genetic diversity showed the values with the percentage of polymorphic loci（PPL）of 100%，the effective number of alleles（Ne）of 1.155，Nei’s gene diversity（He）of 0.128，and the Shannon’s information index（I）of 0.244. At the population level，the parameters of genetic diversity indicated the values with PPL=72.62%，Ne=1.159，He=0.117，and I=0.205. The genetic distances between populations ranged from 0.009 to 0.021. The genetic differentiation among populations showed the values with Fst=0.123 and Gst=0.094. Gene flow among populations was displayed as Nm=4.85. Mantel test showed no significant correlation between genetic distances and geographic distances among populations. The analysis of molecular variance（AMOVA）revealed that the genetic variation was mainly found within populations. The genetic differences among geographic regions（Southern Anhui，Central Anhui，Northern Anhui and Dabieshan Mountains）were not significant. The UPGMA dendrogram divided 14 populations into three groups，which was consistent with the results of principal component analysis（PCA）. The results of Structure clustering of 14 populations were not totally in accordance with the results of UPGMA analysis，but complementary to the latter. Some specific DNA fragments were detected. The distribution frequencies of these DNA fragments within populations were not population-specific，but showed high levels of genetic differentiation among populations（Gst > 0.25）. Sequence information of these DNA fragments needs to be further analysed in future research，which may be helpful to the development of diagnostic markers for identifying germplasm of Q. acutissima.【Conclusion】The low level of genetic diversity and moderate level of genetic differentiation among populations were found in Q. acutissima in Anhui Province. The genetic variation existed mainly within populations. The comprehensive measures for conservation and sustainable utilization of germplasm resources of the Q. acutissima in both natural and artificial populations in Anhui Province are necessary.

Key words

Quercus acutissima / inter-simple sequence repeat（ISSR）markers / genetic diversity / genetic structure / conservation of germplasm resources / Anhui Province

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HE Zhonghua , CAO Cuiping , ZHAO Xuyang , et al . ISSR analysis of genetic diversity of Quercus acutissima germplasm resources in Anhui Province[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition）. 2026, 50(3): 189-200 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202403025

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