Effects of rootstock-scion combinations on seedling growth and leaf secondary metabolites of Cyclocarya paliurus

GUO Xuchen, SUN Caowen, XU Run, SHANG Xulan, FANG Shengzuo

Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition） ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (6) : 181-188.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）
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Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition） ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (6) : 181-188. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202405002

Effects of rootstock-scion combinations on seedling growth and leaf secondary metabolites of Cyclocarya paliurus

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Abstract

【Objective】This study aims to investigate the effects of different rootstock-scion combinations on the survival rate, growth performance, and secondary metabolite accumulation in grafted seedlings of Cyclocarya paliurus, and to analyze the variations in related growth traits and bioactive leaf components after successful grafting. The findings are expected to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific propagation of C. paliurus grafted seedlings.【Method】In spring 2023, one-year-old seedlings of C. paliurus from three provenances-Wufeng, Hubei (WF); Jinzhongshan, Guangxi (JZS); and Lueyang, Shaanxi (LY)-were used as rootstocks. Two-year-root, one-year-stem clones ‘LS3', ‘LC4' and ‘CR4' were grafted as scions via branch grafting at the Baima Experimental Base of Nanjing Forestry University in Lishui District, Nanjing. Survival rates and growth parameters of the grafted seedlings were recorded. Dried leaf samples were ground and extracted to determine flavonoid content using rutin as a standard, triterpenoid content via the vanillin-glacial acetic acid colorimetric method, and polyphenol content using the Folin-Ciocalteu assay.【Result】Significant differences were observed in the grafting survival rates among different scion combinations. The combinations WF-CR4 and JZS-CR4 achieved the highest survival rate of 80%, whereas those with LC4 as the scion had the lowest survival rate of only 30%. No significant differences were detected in survival rates among rootstocks. Growth indicators varied significantly among rootstocks. The LY-LC4 combination showed the greatest scion growth length at six months, reaching 106.13 cm, while WF-LC4 showed the lowest, at 38.56 cm. No significant differences were detected among scion combinations in growth metrics. Leaf triterpenoid and polyphenol contents did not differ significantly among rootstock-scion combinations. However, flavonoid content varied significantly with scion type. Grafts with LC4 scions exhibited higher flavonoid levels, with the LY-LC4 combination reaching the highest value of 19.50 mg/g, and JZS-LS3 the lowest, at 11.69 mg/g.【Conclusion】Scion genotype significantly influenced graft survival rate, with CR4 yielding the highest survival rate. Rootstock provenance markedly affected seedling growth, with Lueyang (LY) rootstocks promoting the most vigorous growth. Leaf flavonoid content was strongly associated with scion type. The combinations JZS-CR4 and WF-CR4, with survival rates up to 80%, are recommended as superior combinations for cultivating leaf-oriented plantations aimed at triterpenoid and polyphenol production.

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Cyclocarya paliurus / rootstock-scion combination / grafting survival rate / flavonoids / triterpenoids: polyphenols

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GUO Xuchen , SUN Caowen , XU Run , et al . Effects of rootstock-scion combinations on seedling growth and leaf secondary metabolites of Cyclocarya paliurus[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition）. 2025, 49(6): 181-188 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202405002

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