Evaluation of the fruit quality in 20 fresh jujube cultivars in Henan Province

ZHI Zhaokun, ZHANG Mengmeng, CHEN Zhuo, GUO Yanmeng, LIU Yiteng, YUE Huafeng, LI Fangdong, ZHU Gaopu, ZHANG Shulin

Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2) : 57-66.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）
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Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2) : 57-66. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202407017

Evaluation of the fruit quality in 20 fresh jujube cultivars in Henan Province

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Abstract

【Objective】This study aims to investigate the differences in fruit quality among different jujube germplasm resources, so as to providing a scientific basis for the breeding and improvement of jujube varieties, and for the selection of cultivated varieties in Henan Province.【Method】Mature fruits of 20 main jujube cultivars in Huang-Huai region were used as experimental materials. Eight quality indicators were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis, and the expression levels of five genes related to fruit quality traits were detected by qRT-PCR.【Result】Significant differences were observed in the phenotypic traits of fruits among the cultivars: ‘Shiyuehong’ had the largest single fruit weight (16.79 g), ‘Lajiaozao’ had the highest fruit shape index (2.62), ‘Songxian Dazao’ had the highest hardness (12.03 N), ‘Beijing Benzao’ had the highest soluble solid content (mass fraction 34.95%), and ‘Jixinhong 6’ had the highest titratable acid content (volume fraction 0.767%). Correlation analysis showed that fruit hardness was significantly positively correlated with brittleness. Soluble solid content was significantly positively correlated with soluble sugar content, but significantly negatively correlated with single fruit weight and transverse diameter. In addition, single fruit weight was significantly positively correlated with transverse diameter, while fruit type index was significantly negatively correlated with transverse diameter and significantly positively correlated with vertical diameter. Gene expression analysis revealed significant differences in the expression levels of quality-related genes among cultivars. For example, the expression level of the sugar metabolism-related gene Zj.jz036789032 in ‘Jixinzao’ was about 150 times higher than that of ‘Beijing Benzao’.【Conclusion】Significant differences were found in the fruit quality traits of the 20 jujube cultivars studied. These cultivars can be divided into three categories: high hardness and high acidity, high sugar and low acidity, and low single fruit weight and low hardness. The fruit characteristics of the three types are significantly different, indicating distinct edible and market values.

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jujube cultivars / quality traits / gene expression / correlation analysis / quality evaluation / Henan Province

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ZHI Zhaokun , ZHANG Mengmeng , CHEN Zhuo , et al . Evaluation of the fruit quality in 20 fresh jujube cultivars in Henan Province[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition）. 2026, 50(2): 57-66 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202407017

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