【Objective】 The Baiyangdian wetland, located within the Xiong’an New Area of China, is a principal component of the Daqing River system, a major branch of the Haihe River basin. In recent years, the restoration and reutilization of disconnected river courses in the Haihe basin—an ecological lifeline for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region—have become critical research topics for Chinese scholars. Baiyangdian is not only the largest freshwater wetland in the Daqing River system but also a vital ecological source within the regional ecosystem, serving as a key node for material cycling and energy exchange. Clarifying the spatial distribution and evolutionary of Baiyangdian’s landscape patterns provides essential theoretical support for future ecological restoration and resource reutilization strategies in similar river-basin wetlands across China. 【Method】Taking Baiyangdian wetland as the research subject, this study utilized eight periods of remote sensing imagery from 1993 to 2022, obtained from the Geospatial Data Cloud, to classify landscape types. Nine landscape pattern indices were calculated at both the landscape and type levels to evaluate landscape dominance. The morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA), a landscape ecology methodology, was applied to identify ecological source areas in the wetland core zone. Correlation analyses were then conducted between landscape indices and both social and natural driving factors to reveal the evolutionary and determinants of landscape pattern change. On this basis, the likely future trajectory of Baiyangdian’s landscape evolution was predicted. 【Result】(1) Cropland and water bodies were consistently identified as the two dominant landscape types in the Baiyangdian Wetland, together occupying approximately 90% of the total wetland area. Landscape changes were concentrated in the decade between 1993 and 2003, when overall spatial integrity markedly declined and fragmentation intensified. Forest and water body areas jointly decreased by 58.78 km², primarily converted into cropland and built-up land.(2) The evolution of landscape patterns exhibited distinct stages. Between 1993 and 1998, the wetland remained in a relatively stable phase, with evenly distributed patches, although some southwestern patches shrank toward the central area. From 2003 to 2009, the system entered a turbulent phase characterized by markedly increased fragmentation and edge effects. Between 2013 and 2022, the landscape entered a developmental phase, with a growing number of core-zone patches, significant expansion of the core area by 2022, and an overall improvement in ecological source quality.(3) MSPA results confirmed that the area of core ecological sources increased steadily between 2013 and 2022, indicating a positive trend in future landscape development.(4) Correlation analysis revealed that landscape pattern evolution was significantly associated with socioeconomic factors, including gross domestic product (GDP), total population, and the output of the tertiary industry, while no significant relationships were observed with natural drivers such as temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, or sunshine duration. 【Conclusion】(1) Between 1993 and 2003, cropland area in Baiyangdian increased by 54.31 km², while forest and grassland declined. From 2003 to 2021, cropland was gradually converted into grassland, water bodies, and built-up land. Following the promulgation of land-use policies by the State Council in 2003, cropland areas steadily decreased, primarily in the northern and southwestern parts of the wetland. (2) Prior to 2003, intense human activity had heightened fragmentation and reduced spatial density of landscape patches. Subsequently, through artificial regulation and policy reforms, the structure of the landscape became more diverse and balanced. From the perspective of future trends, the area of core ecological sources is expected to continue increasing, accompanied by growth in the number of suitable habitats for ecological species. (3) MSPA results further demonstrated that both the number and area of core patches were expanding. The maximum recorded extent of the core zone was 56.60 km² in 1993. Between 2003 and 2022, the ecological network within Baiyangdian Wetland regained vitality, with enlarged habitat areas and improved ecological source quality.(4) Among driving forces, socioeconomic factors—particularly Anxin County’s GDP, total population, and tertiary industry output—were significantly correlated with landscape pattern evolution, making them the primary determinants of change. By contrast, natural drivers showed no significant effects. On the basis of these findings, it is imperative to continue strengthening the protection of core ecological source areas and to consistently implement ecological governance measures. Such actions are essential to the sustainable development of Baiyangdian Wetland.