【Objective】Urban green spaces play a crucial role in creating a favorable living environment. This study compared the temperature and humidity regulation ability of six common bamboo species in urban parks to offer insights for optimizing their health benefits in garden design.【Method】Four urban parks with diverse environmental settings were chosen for the study. The radiation cooling effects of six common bamboo species were assessed using a thermal imager, while the transpiration rates were measured with a photosynthesis meter.【Result】The results indicated that these bamboos could reduce ambient temperatures by 2-3 ℃ in urban parks with various environmental settings, with localized reductions reaching as high as 7-15 ℃. These areas were mainly planted with Bambusa multiplex, Phyllostachys edulis, and Indocalamus latifolius. Variations in transpiration rates were observed across different seasons and times of the day, with higher rates in August compared to March and peak transpiration occurring at 10:00 and 14:00 during summer. The average transpiration rates ranged from 37 to 52 g/(m²·h) for six bamboos species and the rank of corresponding humidification efficiency was Bambusa multiplex > Phyllostachys edulis > B. multiplex f. fernleaf > Pleioblastus fortunei > Phyllostachys nigra > Indocalamus latifolius.【Conclusion】B. multiplex and Phyllostachys edulis demonstrated superior microclimate regulation abilities, effectively managing both temperature and humidity levels. However, Indocalamus latifolius primarily excelled in reducing ambient temperatures. The study suggests that the temperature and humidity regulation capabilities of bamboo can be enhanced through careful selection of bamboo species, control of leaf are scale, and appropriate environmental water management.