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The main hypotheses of alien plant invasion and recent research advances
HUANG Wei, ZHANG Min, MAO Lingfeng
Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition) ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (1) : 284-294.
PDF(3026 KB)
PDF(3026 KB)
The main hypotheses of alien plant invasion and recent research advances
With rapid global economic development, intensified changes in land and ocean use, and increased population mobility, the number of invasive alien species (IAS) continues to rise worldwide, posing increasingly severe threats to ecology, economies, and human health. Elucidating the drivers of successful alien plant invasions is essential for preventing and controll plant invasions and for restoring affected ecosystems. In recent years, several hypotheses regarding the mechanisms of IAS invasions have been proposed, including the Novel Weapons Hypothesis and the Mutualism Facilitation Hypothesis. Building upon established theories of plant invasion, this review synthesizes the conceptual foundations and research advancements related to Darwin’s Naturalization Conundrum. It systematically examines four key aspects of plant invasion, including the functional traits of alien plants, their interactions with native biota, the invasibility of local habitats, and the synergistic effects of multiple factors on invasion success. Finally, by identifying current limitations in alien plant invasion research, the review proposes critical future directions: conducting more in-depth investigations into the synergistic interactions among multiple drivers; promoting interdisciplinary integration and technological convergence; and expanding multi-scale dynamic studies. These approaches are vital for achieving a comprehensive understanding and refining the complex mechanisms underlying alien plant invasions.
plant invasion hypothesis / invasive / synergy / invasion mechanism / the Darwin’s Naturalization Conundrum
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