Changes of particulate organic carbon and mineral-associated organic carbon in rhizosphere and bulk soil of poplar plantation under nitrogen deposition

Gao Xueping, Liu Huihui, Shi Zheng, Fang Yu, Ruan Honghua, Shen Caiqin, Xu Yaming, Huo Jianjun, Cao Guohua

Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (4) : 136-145.

PDF(2076 KB)
南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）
PDF(2076 KB)
Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (4) : 136-145. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202501018

Changes of particulate organic carbon and mineral-associated organic carbon in rhizosphere and bulk soil of poplar plantation under nitrogen deposition

Author information +
History +

Abstract

【Objective】Global nitrogen deposition may have significant impacts on ecosystem functions. Studying the differences in soil organic carbon (SOC) between rhizosphere and bulk soils and their responses to nitrogen deposition can provide a theoretical basis for further understanding the response and adaptation mechanisms of forest SOC cycling under future nitrogen deposition scenarios.【Method】Taking the poplar plantation as the object, five nitrogen deposition treatments [0, 5, 10, 15, 30 g/(m2·a), denoted as: N0, N1, N2, N3, N4] were set up in May 2012, and simulated nitrogen deposition treatments were carried out every year starting from that year. Soil samples from the rhizosphere and bulk were collected in July 2023 (summer, vigorous growth period), October 2023 (autumn, growth end period), January 2024 (winter, non-growth period), and April 2024 (spring, early growth period). Determine the contents of soil particulate organic carbon (POC), mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC), SOC, pH, soil moisture content (SWC), microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen (MBC, MBN), total nitrogen (TN), and other related soil physical and chemical properties. Based on analysis of variance, independent sample T-test, correlation analysis and redundancy analysis, etc., the variation characteristics of POC and MAOC in rhizosphere and bulk soils under nitrogen deposition treatment were quantified, and the key factors driving the changes in their contents were analyzed.【Result】(1)Nitrogen deposition increased the POC concentration in rhizosphere soil. Compared with the N0 treatment, the annual average POC concentration in rhizosphere soil increased by 6.35% (N1), 19.46% (N2), 20.28% (N3), and 28.83% (N4). Nitrogen deposition had no effect on the POC concentration in bulk soil. Nitrogen deposition had no significant effect on the MAOC concentration in rhizosphere and bulk soils and the ratios of POC/SOC and MAOC/SOC. Seasonally, the POC concentration in rhizosphere and bulk soils showed significant seasonal differences, specifically summer > autumn > winter > spring; MAOC did not show significant seasonal differences. (2)Under the same nitrogen deposition treatment, the annual average POC concentration in rhizosphere soil was 29.51% (N0), 33.06% (N1), 59.90% (N2), 48.77% (N3), and 49.67% (N4) higher than that in bulk soil, and the annual average MAOC concentration in rhizosphere soil was 41.78% (N0), 52.45% (N1), 32.05% (N2), 59.73% (N3), and 48.63% (N4) higher than that in bulk soil. (3)Redundancy analysis revealed that pH, SOC, and SWC were the key factors driving the changes in POC and MAOC concentration in bulk soil, while MBC, pH, MBN, and TN were the key factors driving the changes in POC and MAOC concentration in rhizosphere soil.【Conclusion】Nitrogen deposition increased the POC concentration in rhizosphere soil, but had no significant effect on the POC and MAOC concentration in bulk soil and the MAOC concentration in rhizosphere soil. Under all nitrogen treatments, the POC and MAOC concentration in rhizosphere soil were higher than those in bulk soil. The results of this study reveal the differences in the main components of rhizosphere and bulk SOC and their different responses to nitrogen deposition, which can provide a theoretical basis for further exploring the response characteristics of SOC to nitrogen deposition.

Key words

poplar plantation / nitrogen deposition / rhizosphere soil / bulk soil / particulate organic carbon / mineral-associated organic carbon

Cite this article

EndNote

Ris (Procite)

Bibtex

Download Citations
Gao Xueping , Liu Huihui , Shi Zheng , et al . Changes of particulate organic carbon and mineral-associated organic carbon in rhizosphere and bulk soil of poplar plantation under nitrogen deposition[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition）. 2026, 50(4): 136-145 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202501018

References

List( Publishing order | Descend order by publishing year | Descend order by cited within ) Chart analysis
[1]
方华, 莫江明. 氮沉降对森林凋落物分解的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2006, 26(9):3127-3136.
Fang H, Mo J M. Effects of nitrogen deposition on forest litter decomposition[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2006, 26(9):3127-3136.
Cited in this article [1]
[2]
Hagh-Doust N, Mikryukov V, Anslan S, et al. Effects of nitrogen deposition on carbon and nutrient cycling along a natural soil acidity gradient as revealed by metagenomics[J]. New Phytologist, 2023, 238(6):2607-2620. DOI:10.1111/nph.18897.
Cited in this article [1]
[3]
姜铭楷, 马书琴, 熊艳云, 等. 氮沉降驱动下凋落物分解对毛竹林土壤有机碳组分的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(11):2983-2991.
Jiang M K, Ma S Q, Xiong Y Y, et al. Impact of litter decomposition driven by nitrogen deposition on the soil organic carbon fractions in a Moso bamboo forest[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2024, 35(11):2983-2991. DOI:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202411.015.
Cited in this article [1]
[4]
Jian S Y, Li J W, Chen J, et al. Soil extracellular enzyme activities,soil carbon and nitrogen storage under nitrogen fertilization:a meta-analysis[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2016, 101:32-43. DOI:10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.07.003.
Cited in this article [1]
[5]
Reay D S, Dentener F, Smith P, et al. Global nitrogen deposition and carbon sinks[J]. Nature Geoscience, 2008, 1(7):430-437. DOI:10.1038/ngeo230.
Cited in this article [1]
[6]
Rovira P, Vallejo V R. Labile and recalcitrant pools of carbon and nitrogen in organic matter decomposing at different depths in soil:an acid hydrolysis approach[J]. Geoderma, 2002, 107(1/2):109-141. DOI:10.1016/S0016-7061(01)00143-4.
Cited in this article [1]
[7]
Mack M C, Schuur E A G, Bret-Harte M S, et al. Ecosystem carbon storage in Arctic tundra reduced by long-term nutrient fertilization[J]. Nature, 2004, 431(7007):440-443. DOI:10.1038/nature02887.
Cited in this article [1]
[8]
Liu L L, Greaver T L. A global perspective on belowground carbon dynamics under nitrogen enrichment[J]. Ecology Letters, 2010, 13(7):819-828. DOI:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01482.x.
Cited in this article [1]
[9]
Yuan X, Qin W K, Xu H, et al. Sensitivity of soil carbon dynamics to nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment in an Alpine meadow[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2020, 150:107984. DOI:10.1016/j.soilbio.2020.107984.
Cited in this article [3]
[10]
张英, 张常洪, 汪其同, 等. 氮沉降下西南山地针叶林根际和非根际土壤固碳贡献差异[J]. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(9):1234-1244.
Zhang Y, Zhang C H, Wang Q T, et al. Difference of soil carbon sequestration between rhizosphere and bulk soil in a mountain coniferous forest in southwestern China under nitrogen deposition[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2023, 47(9):1234-1244.
Cited in this article [1]
[11]
邬子俊. 氮磷添加对亚热带常绿阔叶林根际土壤有机碳及微生物残体碳积累特征的影响[D]. 南昌: 江西农业大学, 2023.
Wu Z J. Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus addition on the characteristics of organic carbon and microbial residual carbon accumulation in rhizosphere soil of subtropical broad-leaved Forests[D]. Nanchang: Jiangxi Agricultural University, 2023.
Cited in this article [1]
[12]
Philippot L, Raaijmakers J M, Lemanceau P, et al. Going back to the roots:the microbial ecology of the rhizosphere[J]. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2013, 11(11):789-799. DOI:10.1038/nrmicro3109.
Cited in this article [2]
[13]
Saleem M, Law A D, Sahib M R, et al. Impact of root system architecture on rhizosphere and root microbiome[J]. Rhizosphere, 2018, 6:47-51. DOI:10.1016/j.rhisph.2018.02.003.
Cited in this article [1]
[14]
张英, 张常洪, 汪其同, 等. 氮沉降下西南山地针叶林根际和非根际土壤微生物养分限制特征差异[J]. 植物生态学报, 2022, 46(4):473-483.
Zhang Y, Zhang C H, Wang Q T, et al. Difference of microbial nutrient limiting characteristics in rhizosphere and bulk soil of coniferous forests under nitrogen deposition in southwest mountain,China[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2022, 46(4):473-483. DOI:10.17521/cjpe.2021.0346.
Cited in this article [1]
[15]
Chen J G, Xiao W, Zheng C Y, et al. Nitrogen addition has contrasting effects on particulate and mineral-associated soil organic carbon in a subtropical forest[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2020, 142:107708. DOI:10.1016/j.soilbio.2020.107708.
Cited in this article [3]
[16]
Lavallee J M, Soong J L, Cotrufo M F. Conceptualizing soil organic matter into particulate and mineral-associated forms to address global change in the 21st century[J]. Global Change Biology, 2020, 26(1):261-273. DOI:10.1111/gcb.14859.
Cited in this article [1]
[17]
Wu J J, Zhang H, Pan Y T, et al. Particulate organic carbon is more sensitive to nitrogen addition than mineral-associated organic carbon:a meta-analysis[J]. Soil and Tillage Research, 2023, 232:105770. DOI:10.1016/j.still.2023.105770.
Cited in this article [2]
[18]
Liu F T, Qin S Q, Fang K, et al. Divergent changes in particulate and mineral-associated organic carbon upon permafrost thaw[J]. Nature Communications, 2022, 13:5073. DOI:10.1038/s41467-022-32681-7.
Cited in this article [1]
[19]
Liao J J, Yang X, Dou Y X, et al. Divergent contribution of particulate and mineral-associated organic matter to soil carbon in grassland[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2023, 344:118536. DOI:10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118536.
Cited in this article [3]
[20]
Huang Q, Wang B R, Shen J K, et al. Shifts in C-degradation genes and microbial metabolic activity with vegetation types affected the surface soil organic carbon pool[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2024, 192:109371. DOI:10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109371.
Cited in this article [1]
[21]
Cotrufo M F, Wallenstein M D, Boot C M, et al. The microbial efficiency-matrix stabilization (MEMS) framework integrates plant litter decomposition with soil organic matter stabilization:do labile plant inputs form stable soil organic matter?[J]. Global Change Biology, 2013, 19(4):988-995. DOI:10.1111/gcb.12113.
Cited in this article [2]
[22]
Ye C L, Chen D M, Hall S J, et al. Reconciling multiple impacts of nitrogen enrichment on soil carbon:plant,microbial and geochemical controls[J]. Ecology Letters, 2018, 21(8):1162-1173. DOI:10.1111/ele.13083.
Cited in this article [4]
[23]
Eastman B A, Adams M B, Peterjohn W T. The path less taken:long-term N additions slow leaf litter decomposition and favor the physical transfer pathway of soil organic matter formation[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2022, 166:108567. DOI:10.1016/j.soilbio.2022.108567.
Cited in this article [2]
[24]
Chen Y, Liu X, Hou Y H, et al. Particulate organic carbon is more vulnerable to nitrogen addition than mineral-associated organic carbon in soil of an Alpine meadow[J]. Plant and Soil, 2021, 458(1):93-103. DOI:10.1007/s11104-019-04279-4.
Cited in this article [3]
[25]
Lu X K, Vitousek P M, Mao Q G, et al. Nitrogen deposition accelerates soil carbon sequestration in tropical forests[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021, 118(16):e2020790118. DOI:10.1073/pnas.2020790118.
Cited in this article [1]
[26]
Song B, Niu S L, Li L H, et al. Soil carbon fractions in grasslands respond differently to various levels of nitrogen enrichments[J]. Plant and Soil, 2014, 384(1):401-412. DOI:10.1007/s11104-014-2219-1.
Cited in this article [1]
[27]
Li J Y, Qu W D, Han G X, et al. Effects of drying-rewetting frequency on vertical and lateral loss of soil organic carbon in a tidal salt marsh[J]. Wetlands, 2020, 40(5):1433-1443. DOI:10.1007/s13157-020-01286-5.
Cited in this article [1]
[28]
万猛, 田大伦, 樊巍. 豫东平原杨-农复合系统凋落物的数量、组成及其动态[J]. 生态学报, 2009, 29(5):2507-2513.
Wan M, Tian D L, Fan W. Amount,composition and seasonal dynamics of litterfall in Poplar-Crop agroforestry ecosystems in Henan Eastern Plain[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2009, 29(5):2507-2513.
Cited in this article [1]
[29]
Jassal R S, Black T A, Arevalo C, et al. Carbon sequestration and water use of a young hybrid poplar plantation in north-central Alberta[J]. Biomass and Bioenergy, 2013, 56:323-333. DOI:10.1016/j.biombioe.2013.05.023.
Cited in this article [1]
[30]
Zhalnina K, Louie K B, Hao Z, et al. Dynamic root exudate chemistry and microbial substrate preferences drive patterns in rhizosphere microbial community assembly[J]. Nature Microbiology, 2018, 3(4):470-480. DOI:10.1038/s41564-018-0129-3.
Cited in this article [1]
[31]
Shi K, Liao J H, Zou X M, et al. Accumulation of soil microbial extracellular and cellular residues during forest rewilding:implications for soil carbon stabilization in older plantations[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2024, 188:109250. DOI:10.1016/j.soilbio.2023.109250.
Cited in this article [2]
[32]
Phillips R P, Finzi A C, Bernhardt E S. Enhanced root exudation induces microbial feedbacks to N cycling in a pine forest under long-term CO2 fumigation[J]. Ecology Letters, 2011, 14(2):187-194. DOI:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01570.x.
Cited in this article [1]
[33]
席本野. 杨树根系形态、分布、动态特征及其吸水特性[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2019, 41(12):37-49.
Xi B Y. Morphology,distribution,dynamic characteristics of poplar roots and its water uptake habits[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2019, 41(12):37-49.
Cited in this article [1]
[34]
Koranda M, Schnecker J, Kaiser C, et al. Microbial processes and community composition in the rhizosphere of European beech: the influence of plant C exudates[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2011, 43(3):551-558. DOI:10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.11.022.
Cited in this article [2]
[35]
LY/T 1232—2015 森林土壤磷的测定[S].
Cited in this article [1]
[36]
胡建文, 刘常富, 勾蒙蒙, 等. 林龄对马尾松人工林微生物残体碳积累的影响机制[J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(1):153-160.
Hu J W, Liu C F, Gou M M, et al. Influencing mechanism of stand age to the accumulation of microbial residue carbon in the Pinus massoniana plantations[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2024, 35(1):153-160. DOI:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202401.041.
Cited in this article [1]
[37]
赵维俊, 刘贤德, 车宗玺, 等. 祁连山东段青海云杉林土壤有效氮研究[J]. 水土保持通报, 2011, 31(4):99-102.
Zhao W J, Liu X D, Che Z X, et al. Soil available nitrogen of Picea crassifolia forest in eastern Qilian Mountains[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2011, 31(4):99-102. DOI:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2011.04.033.
Cited in this article [1]
[38]
Clark J D, Plante A F, Johnson A H. Soil organic matter quality in chronosequences of secondary northern hardwood forests in western new England[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2012, 76(2):684-693. DOI:10.2136/sssaj2010.0425.
Cited in this article [1]
[39]
赵天启. 放牧强度对荒漠草原土壤有机碳特征的影响及其机制[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学, 2022.
Zhao T Q. Effect of Grazing Intensities on Soil Organic Carbon Characteristics in Desert Steppe and Their Mechanisms[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2022.
Cited in this article [1]
[40]
肖若瑜, 阮宏华, 刘晖晖, 等. 干旱对杨树人工林土壤颗粒有机碳和矿物结合态有机碳的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2025, 49(5):55-64.
Xiao R Y, Ruan H H, Liu H H, et al. Effects of drought on soil particulate organic carbon and mineral-associated organic carbon in poplar plantation[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition), 2025, 49(5):55-64.
Cited in this article [3]
[41]
Chen J, van Groenigen K J, Hungate B A, et al. Long-term nitrogen loading alleviates phosphorus limitation in terrestrial ecosystems[J]. Global Change Biology, 2020, 26(9):5077-5086. DOI:10.1111/gcb.15218.
Cited in this article [2]
[42]
安宇超, 顾宇晨, 张茜, 等. 长期氮添加对苏北杨树人工林碳储量的影响[J]. 水土保持研究, 2024, 31(2):27-32,42.
An Y C, Gu Y C, Zhang Q, et al. Effects of long-term nitrogen addition on carbon storage of poplar plantation in north of Jiangsu[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2024, 31(2):27-32,42. DOI:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2024.02.039.
Cited in this article [1]
[43]
彭赛. 氮添加对杨树人工林凋落物分解过程的影响[D]. 南京: 南京林业大学, 2016.
Peng S. Effects of nitrogen addition on litter decomposition in poplar plantations in a coastal area,China[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Forestry University, 2016.
Cited in this article [1]
[44]
王杰. 氮添加对黄土丘陵区白羊草根际碳转化的影响机制[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2022.
Wang J. Effects of nitrogen addition on transformation of carbon in the rhizosphere of Bothriochloa ischaemum in Loess Hilly Region[D]. Yangling: Northwest A & F University, 2022.
Cited in this article [4]
[45]
Shen X, Yang F, Xiao C W, et al. Increased contribution of root exudates to soil carbon input during grassland degradation[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2020, 146:107817. DOI:10.1016/j.soilbio.2020.107817.
Cited in this article [1]
[46]
Yu W J, Huang W J, Weintraub-Leff S R, et al. Where and why do particulate organic matter (POM) and mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) differ among diverse soils?[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2022, 172:108756. DOI:10.1016/j.soilbio.2022.108756.
Cited in this article [1]
[47]
Yu G H, Xiao J, Hu S J, et al. Mineral availability as a key regulator of soil carbon storage[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2017, 51(9):4960-4969. DOI:10.1021/acs.est.7b00305.
Cited in this article [1]
[48]
Zhang M, Li X B, Li M Y, et al. Effects of grazing on soil organic carbon in the rhizosphere of Stipa grandis in a typical steppe of Inner Mongolia,China[J]. Sustainability, 2022, 14(19):11866. DOI:10.3390/su141911866.
Cited in this article [1]
[49]
Bai Y F, Cotrufo M F. Grassland soil carbon sequestration:current understanding,challenges,and solutions[J]. Science, 2022, 377(6606):603-608. DOI:10.1126/science.abo2380.
Cited in this article [1]
[50]
Sruthi S N, Ramasamy E V. Enrichment of soil organic carbon by native earthworms in a patch of tropical soil,Kerala,India:first report[J]. Scientific Reports, 2018, 8:5784. DOI:10.1038/s41598-018-24086-8.
Cited in this article [2]
[51]
郝江勃, 乔枫, 蔡子良. 亚热带常绿阔叶林土壤活性有机碳组分季节动态特征[J]. 生态环境学报, 2019, 28(2):245-251.
Hao J B, Qiao F, Cai Z L. Seasonal dynamics of soil labile organic carbon and its fractions in subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2019, 28(2):245-251. DOI:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2019.02.004.
Cited in this article [2]
[52]
Soucémarianadin L N, Cécillon L, Guenet B, et al. Environmental factors controlling soil organic carbon stability in French forest soils[J]. Plant and Soil, 2018, 426(1):267-286. DOI:10.1007/s11104-018-3613-x.
Cited in this article [1]
[53]
Yang X, Wang D, Lan Y, et al. Labile organic carbon fractions and carbon pool management index in a 3-year field study with biochar amendment[J]. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2018, 18(4):1569-1578. DOI:10.1007/s11368-017-1874-2.
Cited in this article [1]
[54]
Guo W J, Zhang Z L, Liu Q, et al. Seasonal variations in plant nitrogen acquisition in an ectomycorrhizal Alpine forest on the eastern Tibetan Plateau,China[J]. Plant and Soil, 2021, 459(1):79-91. DOI:10.1007/s11104-020-04644-8.
Cited in this article [1]
[55]
宇文佩瑶. 黄土丘陵区典型林分土壤有机碳稳定性、酶活性和微生物群落的季节动态[D]. 西安: 西安理工大学, 2024.
Yuwen P Y. Soil organic carbon stability,enzyme activity and seasonal dynamics of microbial community in a typical stand in Loess Hilly Region[D]. Xi’an: Xi’an University of Technology, 2024.
Cited in this article [1]
[56]
Ren T T, Yu X Y, Liao J H, et al. Application of biogas slurry rather than biochar increases soil microbial functional gene signal intensity and diversity in a poplar plantation[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2020, 146:107825. DOI:10.1016/j.soilbio.2020.107825.
Cited in this article [1]
PDF(2076 KB)

Accesses

Citation

Detail
Sections
Recommended
The full text is translated into English by AI, aiming to facilitate reading and comprehension. The core content is subject to the explanation in Chinese.

Author

Reader

Reviewer

www.nldxb.njfu.edu.cn

Edited ＆ Published by Editorial Department of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Sciences Edition)
Address： No.159 Longpan Road,Nanjing 210037 Jiangsu,P.R.China
E-mail ：xuebao@njfu.edu.cn , xuebao@njfu.com.cn
Telephone +86-25-85428247,85427076
Distributed by China International Book Trading Corporation P.O. Box 399, Beijing ,P.R. China

/

〈 〉