Analysis of genetic diversity of leaf phenotypes in Chinese jujube germplasm

FU Jiatian, SU Wanlong, LI Dengke, WANG Yongkang, ZHAO Ailing, ZHANG Rui, REN Haiyan, XUE Xiaofang, LIU Li, SHI Meijuan, LI Yi

Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2) : 67-77.

PDF(1980 KB)
南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）
PDF(1980 KB)
Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2) : 67-77. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202503013

Analysis of genetic diversity of leaf phenotypes in Chinese jujube germplasm

Author information +
History +

Abstract

【Objective】This study aims to reveal the phenotypic diversity of leaf traits in jujube germplasm resources, providing a theoretical basis for the introduction, evaluation and utilization of superior germplasm.【Method】Thirteen leaf phenotypic traits were measured in 247 jujube germplasm accessions. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H'), principal component analysis (PCA), and Ward’s method-based hierarchical clustering analysis was employed to investigate the variation patterns of leaf phenotypes.【Result】The leaf phenotypic traits of the tested jujube germplasm exhibited substantial variation, with petiole length showing the highest coefficient of variation. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') ranged from 1.67 to 2.08, indicating rich genetic diversity. Correlation analysis revealed that leaf length was significantly positively correlated (P < 0.01) with leaf width, petiole length, leaf area, and leaf perimeter, while it was significantly negatively correlated (P < 0.05) with leaf angle. PCA extracted four principal components, with a cumulative comtribution rate of 83.19%, among which leaf perimeter, chroma (c*), leaf length-to-width ratio, and lightness (L*). Cluster analysis (Ward’s method) classified the germplasm into six major groups: long-petiole large-angle type, large-leaf-area type, short-petiole small-leaf type, small-leaf yellowish type (low L*, high b*), low-hue-angle type (low h*), and broad-leaf dark-green type (high c*, low h*).【Conclusion】The 247 jujube germplasm accessions exhibited extensive phenotypic variation and high genetic diversity. The leaf length-to-width ratio, leaf perimeter, chroma, and lightness can serve as core indicators for evaluating jujube germplasm resources. The integrated diversity analysis and clustering results provide critical insights for germplasm assessment. This study establishes a theoretical foundation for the introduction, domestication, genetic ideutification and evaluation, and innovation of jujube germplasm.

Key words

jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) leaf / germplasm resources / phenotypic diversity / principal component analysis(PCA) / cluster analysis

Cite this article

EndNote

Ris (Procite)

Bibtex

Download Citations
FU Jiatian , SU Wanlong , LI Dengke , et al . Analysis of genetic diversity of leaf phenotypes in Chinese jujube germplasm[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition）. 2026, 50(2): 67-77 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202503013

References

List( Publishing order | Descend order by publishing year | Descend order by cited within ) Chart analysis
[1]
郭燕, 张树航, 李颖, 等. 中国板栗36个叶片表型性状的多样性[J]. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(5):991-1009.
GUO Y, ZHANG S H, LI Y, et al. Diversity analysis of 36 leaf phenotypic traits of Chinese chestnut[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(5):991-1009. DOI: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.05.012.
Cited in this article [1]
[2]
徐永杰, 韩华柏, 王滑, 等. 大巴山区核桃实生居群的坚果表型和遗传多样性[J]. 林业科学, 2016, 52(5):111-119.
XU Y J, HAN H B, WANG H, et al. Phenotypic and genetic diversities of nuts of walnut(Juglans regia)populations originated from seedlings in Daba Mountains[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2016, 52(5):111-119. DOI: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20160513.
Cited in this article [1]
[3]
陈妍, 杨午, 万坤, 等. 基于表型多样性构建山西大豆地方品种核心种质[J]. 中国油料作物学报, 2025, 47(1):105-114.
CHEN Y, YANG W, WAN K, et al. Establishment of soybean core collection based on phenotypic characters in Shanxi Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences, 2025, 47(1):105-114. DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2023201.
Cited in this article [1]
[4]
DE VIENNE D. What is a phenotype?History and new developments of the concept[J]. Genetica, 2022, 150(3):153-158. DOI: 10.1007/s10709-021-00134-6.
Cited in this article [1]
[5]
褚明月, 王皓, 刘大丽, 等. 甜菜农艺性状与产量和产糖量的相关性研究[J]. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2025, 53(8):55-65.
CHU M Y, WANG H, LIU D L, et al. Correlation between agronomic traits and yield & sugar yield in sugar beet[J]. Journal of Northwest A&F University (Natural Science Edition), 2025, 53(8):55-65. DOI: 10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.08.006.
Cited in this article [1]
[6]
曾杰, 郑海水, 甘四明, 等. 广西西南桦天然居群的表型变异[J]. 林业科学, 2005, 41(2):59-65.
ZENG J, ZHENG H S, GAN S M, et al. Phenotypic variation in natural populations of Betula alnoides in Guangxi,China[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2005, 41(2):59-65. DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7488.2005.02.010.
Cited in this article [1]
[7]
魏启舜, 周影, 王琳, 等. 不同肥料处理对草莓生长、产量和品质的影响[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2020, 48(9):160-164.
WEI Q S, ZHOU Y, WANG L, et al. Effects of different fertilizer treatments on strawberry growth, yield, and quality[J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 48(9):160-164. DOI: 10.15889/j.issn.1002-1302.2020.09.031.
Cited in this article [1]
[8]
王小龙, 张正文, 邵学东, 等. 梅乐葡萄果实、叶片、叶柄矿质营养与土壤矿质养分的关系[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2022, 50(10):125-133.
WANG X L, ZHANG Z W, SHAO X D, et al. Relationship between mineral nutrients in Merlot grape berries, leaves, petioles and soil mineral nutrients[J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 50(10):125-133. DOI: 10.15889/j.issn.1002-1302.2022.10.020.
Cited in this article [1]
[9]
尚帅斌, 郭俊杰, 王春胜, 等. 海南岛青梅天然居群表型变异[J]. 林业科学, 2015, 51(2):154-162.
SHANG S B, GUO J J, WANG C S, et al. Phenotypic variations in natural populations of Vatica mangachapoi in Hainan,China[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2015, 51(2):154-162. DOI: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20150219.
Cited in this article [1]
[10]
卿东山, 江鸿, 张露瑶, 等. 甜瓜种质资源形态学性状遗传多样性分析[J]. 中国蔬菜, 2023(4):39-49.
QING D S, JIANG H, ZHANG L Y, et al. Analysis of genetic diversity of melon (Cucumis melo L.) germplasm resources based on morphological characters[J]. China Vegetables,2023(4):39-49. DOI: 10.19928/j.cnki.1000-6346.2023.0011.
Cited in this article [1]
[11]
于翠香, 谭化, 张海燕, 等. 吉林省引进甜瓜种质资源表型遗传多样性分析[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2023, 51(7):147-153.
YU C X, TAN H, ZHANG H Y, et al. Phenotypic genetic diversity analysis of introduced melon germplasm resources in Jilin Province[J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 51(7):147-153. DOI: 10.15889/j.issn.1002-1302.2023.07.020.
Cited in this article [1]
[12]
王东雪, 曾雯珺, 江泽鹏, 等. 油茶F1代苗期叶表型性状遗传多样性研究[J]. 西北林学院学报, 2019, 34(1):113-118.
WANG D X, ZENG W J, JIANG Z P, et al. Genetic diversity of leaf phenotypic traits in F1 progeny of Camellia oleifera[J]. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 2019, 34(1):113-118. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2019.01.16.
Cited in this article [1]
[13]
李潇, 王汉时, 王宏星, 等. 灌溉和施肥对‘新林1号’杨生长和光合生理特性的影响[J]. 植物研究, 2025, 45(1):77-87.
LI X, WANG H S, WANG H X, et al. Effects of irrigation and fertilization on growth and photosynthetic physiological characteristics of Populus cathayana × canadansis ‘Xinlin1’[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2025, 45(1):77-87. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.01.009.
Cited in this article [1]
[14]
徐薪璐, 孔淑鑫, 吕卓, 等. 靓竹叶色表型叶片形态、结构与光合特性相关性研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2025, 49(1):145-154.
XU X L, KONG S X, LYU Z, et al. The relationship of appearance,structure and photosynthetic characteristics of different leaf color phenotypes of Sasaella glabra ‘Albostriata’[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition), 2025, 49(1):145-154. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202302035.
Cited in this article [1]
[15]
SUN J Q, WU X Q, GAN J. Uptake and metabolism of phthalate esters by edible plants[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2015, 49(14):8471-8478. DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01233.
Cited in this article [1]
[16]
刘鑫铭, 张国海, 刘崇怀, 等. 葡萄叶片表型多样性分析[J]. 北方园艺, 2010(6):1-4.
LIU X M, ZHANG G H, LIU C H, et al. Evaluating on phenotypic diversity of grape leaves[J]. Northern Horticulture, 2010(6):1-4.
Cited in this article [1]
[17]
郑斌, 施晓龙, 邹明宏. 基于枝条、叶和花的油梨种质表型多样性分析[J]. 广东农业科学, 2020, 47(9):37-46.
ZHENG B, SHI X L, ZOU M H. Analysis on phenotypic diversity of avocado germplasms based on branches,leaves and flowers[J]. Guangdong Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 47(9):37-46. DOI: 10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2020.09.005.
Cited in this article [1]
[18]
经建永, 颉刚刚, 欧阳丽婷, 等. 新疆野生欧洲李表型性状多样性分析[J]. 植物资源与环境学报, 2020, 29(2):28-37.
JING J Y, XIE G G, OUYANG L T, et al. Analysis on diversity of phenotypic traits of wild Prunus domestica in Xinjiang[J]. Journal of Plant Resources and Environment, 2020, 29(2):28-37. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7895.2020.02.04.
Cited in this article [1]
[19]
戚建莉, 张荣, 吴文俊, 等. 油橄榄种质资源表型性状多样性分析与评价[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(5):1001-1015.
QI J L, ZHANG R, WU W J, et al. Analysis and evaluation of phenotypic character diversity of olive germplasm resources[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(5):1001-1015. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.04.04.
Cited in this article [1]
[20]
WANG C, WANG R, FU C D, et al. Combining bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity profiling provide insights into assessment of geographical features of Chinese jujube[J]. Food Bioscience, 2022, 46:101573. DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101573.
Cited in this article [1]
[21]
李登科, 牛西武, 田建保. 中国枣品种资源图鉴[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2013:24.
LI D K, NIU X W, TIAN J B. Illustrated Book of Chinese Jujube Variety Resources[M]. Beijing: China Agricultural Press, 2013:24.
Cited in this article [1]
[22]
杨磊, 贾平平, 靳娟, 等. 118个枣品种表型性状多样性分析[J]. 植物资源与环境学报, 2023, 32(1):50-60.
YANG L, JIA P P, JIN J, et al. Analysis on phenotypic trait diversity of 118 Ziziphus jujuba cultivars[J]. Journal of Plant Resources and Environment, 2023, 32(1):50-60. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7895.2023.01.06.
Cited in this article [1]
[23]
仇倩倩, 冯一峰, 吴翠云. 枣种质资源叶表型性状遗传多样性分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(2):282-293.
QIU Q Q, FENG Y F, WU C Y. Genetic diversity of leaf phenotypic traits in jujube germplasm resources[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(2):282-293. DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.02.010.
Cited in this article [1]
[24]
杨喜盟, 秦芳, 党娜娜, 等. 大气增温与干旱胁迫对灵武长枣生长与光合特性的影响[J]. 北方园艺, 2018(3):65-70.
YANG X M, QIN F, DANG N N, et al. Effect of elevated temperature and drought stress on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Lingwu long jujube[J]. Northern Horticulture, 2018(3):65-70. DOI: 10.11937/bfyy.20172884.
Cited in this article [1]
[25]
樊丁宇, 赵婧彤, 阿布都卡尤木·阿依麦提, 等. 喷施赤霉素对骏枣叶片发育及产量品质的影响[J]. 西北农业学报, 2021, 30(8):1199-1209.
FAN D Y, ZHAO J T, Abudukayoumu Ayimaiti, et al. Effects of gibberellin spraying on leaf development, yield and quality of Jun-jujube[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica, 2021, 30(8):1199-1209.
Cited in this article [1]
[26]
李晓鹏, 李新岗. 黄土高原丘陵区枣和酸枣叶脉序特征分析[J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2019, 37(6):29-36.
LI X P, LI X G. Analyses of leaf venation traits of cultivated and wild jujubes in hilly region of Loess Plateau[J]. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 2019, 37(6):29-36. DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2019.06.05.
Cited in this article [1]
[27]
孙珍珠, 李秋月, 王小柯, 等. 宽皮柑橘种质资源表型多样性分析及综合评价[J]. 中国农业科学, 2017, 50(22):4362-4383.
SUN Z Z, LI Q Y, WANG X K, et al. Comprehensive evaluation and phenotypic diversity analysis of germplasm resources in mandarin[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2017, 50(22):4362-4383. DOI: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.22.012.
Cited in this article [2]
[28]
兴旺, 潘荣, 崔平. 甜菜种质资源叶部性状多样性及聚类分析[J]. 中国农学通报, 2015, 31(30):155-161.
XING W, PAN R, CUI P. Phenotypic diversity and clustering analysis of leaf traits in sugar beet[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2015, 31(30):155-161.
Cited in this article [1]
[29]
刘娟, 廖康, 曼苏尔·那斯尔, 等. 新疆杏种质资源表型多样性研究[J]. 果树学报, 2014, 31(6):1047-1056.
LIU J, LIAO K, MANSUR N, et al. Phenotypic diversity of apricot germplasm resources in Xinjiang[J]. Journal of Fruit Science, 2014, 31(6):1047-1056. DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20140213.
Cited in this article [1]
[30]
卫尊征, 潘炜, 赵杏, 等. 我国东北及华北地区小叶杨形态及生理性状遗传多样性研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2010, 32(5):8-14.
WEI Z Z, PAN W, ZHAO X, et al. Morphological and physiological genetic diversity of Populus simonii in northeastern and north China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2010, 32(5):8-14. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.2010.05.011.
Cited in this article [1]
[31]
潘存祥, 许勇, 纪海波, 等. 西瓜种质资源表型多样性及聚类分析[J]. 植物遗传资源学报, 2015, 16(1):59-63.
PAN C X, XU Y, JI H B, et al. Phenotypic diversity and clustering analysis of watermelon germplasm[J]. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2015, 16(1):59-63. DOI: 10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.2015.01.009.
Cited in this article [1]
[32]
孟益德, 杜红岩, 王璐, 等. 杜仲种质资源叶片表型性状多样性分析[J]. 林业科学研究, 2022, 35(5):103-112.
MENG Y D, DU H Y, WANG L, et al. Diversity analysis of leaf phenotypic traits of Eucommia ulmoides germplasm resources[J]. Forest Research, 2022, 35(5):103-112. DOI: 10.13275/j.cnki.lykxyj.2022.005.012.
Cited in this article [2]
[33]
伊六喜, 高凤云, 周宇, 等. 胡麻种质资源表型性状的鉴定与分析[J]. 中国油料作物学报, 2020, 42(3):411-419.
YI L X, GAO F Y, ZHOU Y, et al. Evaluation and analysis of phenotypic traits of flax germplasm resources[J]. Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences, 2020, 42(3):411-419. DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2019211.
Cited in this article [1]
PDF(1980 KB)

Accesses

Citation

Detail
Sections
Recommended
The full text is translated into English by AI, aiming to facilitate reading and comprehension. The core content is subject to the explanation in Chinese.

Author

Reader

Reviewer

www.nldxb.njfu.edu.cn

Edited ＆ Published by Editorial Department of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Sciences Edition)
Address： No.159 Longpan Road,Nanjing 210037 Jiangsu,P.R.China
E-mail ：xuebao@njfu.edu.cn , xuebao@njfu.com.cn
Telephone +86-25-85428247,85427076
Distributed by China International Book Trading Corporation P.O. Box 399, Beijing ,P.R. China

/

〈 〉