In this paper, methyl silicone oil was employed as the thermal treatment medium to commit corresponding thermal treatment for the Dalbergia melanoxylon wood. Variations of moisture absorption rate, volume swelling rate, compressive strength and structure of the rose wood were then studied before and after the thermal treatment. In this research, with the temperature of thermal increasing, the moisture absorption rate displayed a tendency of reduction first and then the value increased instead. Similarly, with the time of thermal treatment extended, the volume expansion rate enjoyed a gradual increase after some degree of reduction at first. The results indicated that thermal treatment could significantly reduce the moisture absorption and volume swelling rate, and at the same time enhance dimensional stability and compressive strength in our experiment. Upon optimization, physical and mechanics qualities of the rosewood enjoy the greatest improvements when the thermal treatment temperature was set at 160 ℃ for 4 hours. Besides, the compressive strength increased by 44.1%, the moisture absorption rate and the volume swelling rate decreased by 82.0% and 92.2%, respectively.
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