Abstract: 【Objective】 Exploring the main characteristics of pits in the cell wall of vessel elements could provide a basis for deeper understanding of physiological conductance and transverse permeability in bamboo. 【Method】The geometry and distribution of pits and pit membrane characteristics were observed through images of vessels in moso bamboo(Phyllostachys edulis(Carr.)J. Houz.)and their resin casts. 【Result】According to the relationship between relative position and size of the borders and apertures, three types of bordered pit, namely PⅠ, PⅡ and PⅢ, were categorized. The sizes of the inner and outer pit apertures along the short axis were approximately 0.9-2.7 μm and 1.1-3.8 μm, respectively. Most of the pit membranes were open. Moreover, pits in metaxylem vessels showed selective distribution, i.e. always concentrating in the side towards the center of the vascular bundle. Smaller vessel members were found connecting each other with bordered pits within the vascular bundle. Additionally, tyloses were found in some vessels. 【Conclusion】The main characteristics of vessels could be acquired systematically by combining resin casting with common anatomy methods. In addition, the distribution regularity of pits and special structures of vessels, which are normally difficult to record, could be explored through this method.