Effects of precipitation characteristics on the distribution of four metal elements by rainfalls in a secondary deciduous broad-leaved forest

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201801030

ZHANG Nan, FAN Chunnan, CHEN Siyu, ZHENG Jinping, GUO Zhongling

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2019, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (04) : 178-184.

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JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2019, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (04) : 178-184. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201801030

Effects of precipitation characteristics on the distribution of four metal elements by rainfalls in a secondary deciduous broad-leaved forest

ZHANG Nan^1,2, FAN Chunnan¹, CHEN Siyu³, ZHENG Jinping^1*, GUO Zhongling^1*

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Abstract

【Objective】Investigate how different rainfall characteristics influence the redistribution of nutrient elements within a secondary deciduous broad-leaved forest ecosystem. The results will provide a theoretical basis for the improvement of forest management level. Precipitation samples were collected from long-term fixed-point sampling plots in the field, and the concentrations of elements Ca, K, Fe and Cu in the samples were determined. 【Method】 The study was conducted in a 1 340 m² field runoff study site with four dumping-type self-recording rain gauges(HOBO)installed on observation towers 35 m above the ground. The amount and duration of 24 separate rainfall episodes were automatically recorded during the growing season in the secondary deciduous broad-leaved forest. Six parallel standard rain gauges were set up on the roofs of buildings within 500 m from the study site to collect precipitation samples. Five rain absorbers were set up in the study site at spots with suitable canopy coverage and in a plum-blossom pattern to collect throughfall water. Stemflow was collected using polyethylene stemflow rings mounted on standard stems and connected to a water container. Surface runoff water samples were collected from a reservoir at the trapezoidal outlet of the study site. The water samples were around 250 mL. The suspended solids(SS)content and pH of each sample were determined using the water suspension weight method and a pH electrode, respectively, and the concentrations of Ca, K, Fe and Cu in the water sample were determined using inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy(ICP-AES). 【Result】 ① Outside the forest, the input of concentrations of the four metal elements in precipitations were the highest in June, and lowest in September. The concentrations of metal elements tended to increase initially and then decrease over each month. Monthly variation was largest for Fe and smallest for Ca. ② After the redistribution of precipitation in the forest, the concentrations of various metal elements in the throughfall changed. After leaching by throughfall, the concentration of each metal element increased, except for Cu. In addition to Fe, the concentrations of other metal elements in the throughfall were also the highest in June, while the monthly variation of Fe in the throughfall was also the largest, and the average concentration in June was higher than the annual average, and monthly changes of Ca were still minimal. ③ After leaching by stem flow, the concentrations of the metal elements increased, and were higher than those in the throughfall. During the precipitation distribution process, the leaching coefficient was the largest for K and smallest for Cu. However, the concentration of each metal element in the stemflow varied, and the overall trend was characterized as high in the summer and low in the autumn. The monthly changes of Cu concentration were the largest, and those of Ca were the smallest.

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ZHANG Nan, FAN Chunnan, CHEN Siyu, ZHENG Jinping, GUO Zhongling. Effects of precipitation characteristics on the distribution of four metal elements by rainfalls in a secondary deciduous broad-leaved forest[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2019, 43(04): 178-184 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201801030

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