Abstract: 【Objective】 Poplar is one of the tree species that have the highest wood yields and the largest planting area in China. However, how to match the clones to the site and further improve its wood production and quality are the key issues that need to be solved. The purpose of this study was to provide technical support for selecting fast-growing and high-quality poplar clones in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. 【Method】 Based on a preliminary assessment of 104 Populus deltoides clones introduced from the United States and 3 control clones, 17 superior 25-year-old poplar clones were selected to compare growth traits, wood basic density, bending strength, modulus of elasticity(MOE)and compressive strength parallel to grain. 【Result】 There were significant differences in growth traits, wood basic density, and mechanical properties(bending strength, MOE and compressive strength parallel to grain)among the 17 poplar clones investigated. Both MOE and compressive strength parallel to grain were significantly and positively correlated with wood basic density, and a significantly positive correlation was also observed among the mechanical properties measured. A comprehensive assessment indicated that Clones ‘NL-95’, S371, S313, and ‘I-69’ were low-intensity and middle-low quality woods, but the other 13 clones were low-strength and high-quality woods. A positive cor-relation between density and mechanical properties was identified. 【Conclusion】 Clones S3239 and S3312 introduced from the United States showed better growth volume and mechanical properties than other clones, and are most suitable for planting in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.