Abstract: 【Objective】 To provide the scientific basis for restoring Zelkova schneideriana , which is listed in the second class of protected plants in China, and to improve forest quality, we propose the following steps. We explored the community types and habitat-specific community structure of Z. schneideriana and comprehensively analyze the environmental characteristics of the Z. schneideriana community. In addition, we determined the ecological characteristics of Z. schneideriana, and identified the main environmental factors and community characteristics that affect the distribution of Z. schneideriana.【Method】In Zhejiang Province, based on its database of more than 3 420 ecological monitoring plots, and through comprehensive search, we selected 21 plots that contain Z. schneideriana. We applied TWINSPAN(two-way indicator species analysis)and CCA(canonical correspondence analysis)methods to quantitatively classify and ordinate the habitat community of Z. schneideriana in Zhejiang Province. 【Result】The result of TWINSPAN shows that the habitat-specific community of Z. schneideriana in Zhejiang Province can be divided into eight associations. The distribution of Z. schneideriana community in the study area is mainly in regions of broad-leaved forests and Cunninghamia lanceolata communities. There are 15 broad-leaved forests and 6 Cunninghamia lanceolata communities in the 21 plots studied. We found that Z. schneideriana was absent in communities dominated by Pinus massoniana. The dominant species in the research area were Cunninghamia lanceolata, Liquiolambar formosana, Castanopsis eyrei, Z. schneideriana, Platycarya strobilacea, Schima superba, Cinnamomum camphora, Quercus fabri, Cupressus funebris and Aabizia kalkora. The importance value of Cunninghamia lanceolata was up to 20.5%. We found 8 associations in the CCA ordination chart of samples plots, which showed inclination towards aggregated distribution. The first axis of CCA ordination mainly reflected the effect of altitude and litter-layer thickness on the distribution of communities and species; the second axis mainly reflected the effect of humus thickness and gradient on the distribution of communities and species. Species CCA showed that Ulmus parvifolia, Pistacia chinensis, Dalbergia hupeana, Platycarya strobilacea and Q. fabri had habitats most similar to that of Z. schneideriana. The main environmental factors affecting the distribution of these species were litter thickness and slope direction. Results of Monte Carlo test showed that the most important environmental factor affecting the distribution of Z. schneideriana in Zhejiang was altitude, followed by humus thickness, slope and soil type. 【Conclusion】Mallotus apelta, L. formosana, Cinnamomum camphora, Quercus acutissima and Cunninghamia lanceolata were found to be the main species in Zhejiang forests, and can be used as carriers for population restoration of Z. schneideriana. The main environmental factors affecting the distribution of Z. schneideriana are altitude, humus thickness and slope. Habitat selection of Z. schneideriana and other tree species such as Ulmus parvifolia, Pistacia chinensis, Dalbergia hupeana, Platycarya strobilacea and Q. fabri tends to be similar. Under the condition of sufficient ecological resources, we can try to mix Z. schneideriana with these tree species for reforestation.