Using 2014, 2016 and 2018 Landsat-8 satellite OLI remote sensing images as the data source, uses multi-scale segmentation and classification technology to interpret the third-phase images, and combines the multi-source auxiliary information data to modify the interpretation results to construct landscape type area transfer matrix, and multiple landscape pattern indexes were selected to analyze the area changes of wetland landscape types before and after the implementation of the policies in the Dongting Lake area and the overall characteristics of the landscape pattern changes in the Dongting Lake area.

After implementing the “Ecological Poplar Withdrawal” policy, the total area of ??poplar trees in the Dongting Lake area decreased by 213.761 6 km². The change trend of each wetland landscape type is different, in the two stages of 2014-2016 and 2016-2018: the water landscape pattern tends to be fragmented in the previous stage and integrated into the latter stage; the area of ??shelter forest land decreases slightly in the previous stage in the later stage, the area was greatly reduced, and the fragmentation of the landscape pattern was enhanced. The area of ??the moss beach increased by 24.118 1 km² in the previous stage and decreased by 114.904 3 km² in the later stage. The number of patches on the moss beach increased, the average patch area decreased, and the overall landscape pattern tended to fragment. The area of ??forest land continued to decrease in two stages, but the landscape structure was relatively stable and the degree of fragmentation decreased; the area of ??agricultural land continued to increase in two stages, the landscape pattern tended to fragment; the land for construction tended to fragment, but the degree of intensiveness is high, and many large plaques are gathered. The general characteristics of the change in the landscape pattern of the wetland in the Dongting Lake area are as follows: the degree of landscape patch aggregation decreases initially and then increases, and the degree of landscape fragmentation increases initially and then decreases; the wetland landscape diversity increases initially and then decreases, and the landscape dominance decreases initially and then increases. Landscape heterogeneity shows a trend of first decline and then increase; the shape of patches in the landscape pattern: irregularity increases initially and then decreases, and complexity increases initially and then decreases.

After the implementation of the “Ecological Poplar Withdrawal” policy, the government has greatly optimized the landscape pattern of the Dongting Lake wetland and promoted the improvement of the ecological environment in the region.