The rare and endangered plants are one of the most important parts of biodiversity in China.This article reviews the main advances of the study and protection on the rare and endangered plants in China.The present situation of the study and protection from protectorate,evaluation system,imminent danger mechanism,law and regulation,information system were introduced.This paper also puts forward the way to perfect the system of policy guarantee,explores imminent danger cause with applying advanced technology to develop widespread international cooperation,to strengthen the popularization and education of the protection of the rare and endangered plants.