Based on twentyfour morphological characteristics, eighteen cultivars and four related wild species of flowering quince (Chaenomeles) were investigated systematically and analyzed by cluster analysis with SPSS10.0 program in order to determine their relationships. The Qcluster analysis showed that the twentytwo specimen were classified into two groups. The first group contained C.sinensis and ‘Douqing’, and the others were categorized into another group, reflecting the alienation between C. sinensis and the other species; the second group could be divided into four subgroups, and every cultivar could be categorized into the right species. Cultivars ‘Crimson and Gold’ and ‘Bixue’, however, should be transferred into C. speciosa and C. japonica respectively. The differences among cultivars in different species of Chaenomeles were significant with a high level of diversity. The numerical taxonomic result could reflect cultivar relationships. According to Rcluster analysis, the selection of testing characteristics was correct, and no characteristics had obvious logical relationship with one another. The twentyfour morphological characteristics had independent effect on the cultivar evolution. The principal component analysis showed that the 24 characteristics were integrated into 6 principal components and their accumulative contributor ratio amounted to 85.9%, and some major discriminating characteristics were selected as flower diameter, pedicel color, petal shape, petal width, petal claw length, young leaf color, shapes of receptacle and fruit, double flower and petal number, etc.