Abstract: The conductivities and mechanical properties of bamboo charcoal/silicone rubber composites were studied with orthogonal tests by using bamboo charcoal as the conductive filler and changing the addition amounts of bamboo charcoal, fumed silica, hydroxyl silicone oil, and dicumyl peroxide, respectively. Effects of the volume resistivity, particle size and the amount of bamboo charcoal on the conductive and mechanical properties of bamboo charcoal/silicone rubber composites were investigated based on orthogonal experimental results, and the optimum conditions were obtained as follows: methyl vinyl silicone rubber 100(mass), bamboo charcoal(particle size is less than 25 μm and volume resistivity is 0.11 Ω·cm)130, fumed silica 3, dicumyl peroxide 3, hydroxy silicone oil 2. The volume resistivity, tensile strength, and elongation of bamboo charcoal/silicone rubber composites prepared at the aforesaid conditions reached about 0.63 Ω·cm, 1.18 MPa and 132 %, respectively, and met the requirement of high conductive composites.