Abstract: The structure, density, tangentia and radial shrinkage and shrinkage coefficient of Castanopsis carlesii Hay and Castanopsis fargesii Franch wood had been observed in this paper. The observation result indeicated that the water conductivity of C.carlesii Hay and C. fargesii Franch was very bad and their drying speed was very slow.There was much difference between their tangential shrinkage and radial shrinkage.The shrinkage and drying speed between heart wood and eldge wood were also much different. The check, warp and collapse were easily produced during their drying. The observation result had provided a basis for making drying schedule of C.carlesii Hay and C.fargesii Franch.