Abstract: Riparian zone is a kind of important aquaticterrestrial ecozone. The research regions located in Wuzhong and Wujiang area of Taihu east riparian zones, where human disturbances was insignificant. In order to understand the distribution of soil microbial biomass carbon(SMBC), soil organic carbon(SOC), total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP), soil iron(Fe) and soil manganese(Mn), their concentrations were analyzed along the soil waterlevel gradient in the riparian zone. The results showed that the concentrations of SMBC decreased along the gradient from the open water to the territorial land. The mean value of the waterlevel range was 93.10 mg/kg, while the mean values of the landtotheradiation zone were 62.70 mg/kg and 52.00 mg/kg. The high concentrations of soil SOC, TN, TP, Fe and Mn decreased from the landtothe radiation zone, indicating that the natural riparian zones had some effects on removing nutrients and heavy metals.