This study dealt with the influence of substrate composition and size of nonwoven fabric container size on the growth of the annual and biennial seedling of Schima superba. There were significant differences in seedling growth for different substrate compositions and sizes of nonwoven fabric containes. The container seedlings in the medium with relatively higher proportion of peat percent exhibited better growth performance. With the same proportion of peat, seedlings grew better in the substrate with proper amount of hull and sawdust comparing with seedlings growing in the media with only sawdust. Significant correlations between the physical and chemical properties of different substrate composition and the growth traits of S. superba container seedlings were found. The substrate with high proportion of peat and appropriate corn hull was excellent to the growth of container seedlings owing to its high organic matter, abundant nitrogen and phosphorous, adequate porosity and little bulk density. To some extent, the usage of peat could be reduced as the content of hull increased. However, the growth of container seedlings was slower in the substrate with higher sawdust percent age. No significant correlations between the growth traits of annual seedlings including seedling height, base diameter, dry matter, rootshoot ratio and nonwoven fabric container size were found, while significant positive correlations between the growth traits of biennial seedlings and nonwoven fabric container size were found, which meaned that choosing larger containers was one of the key measures to cultivate large biennial S. superba container seedlings.