Abstract: By using the important value as the quantity index, ShannowWiener index was used to determine the niche breadth， the proportion of niche overlap and the niche similarity of 30 different elevation and location plots of Schima superba Gardn forest and 18 dominant species in Fengyangshan Nature Reserve. The results showed： the niche breadth of Schima superba Gardn came the first place（1.46）， its advantageous position was far stronger than other species； the proportions of niche overlap of Schima superba Gardn were from 0.6 to 0.8， the degree of overlap is moderate， so the requirements of each resource position were not obvious； the trend of the proportion of niche overlap and the niche similarity are the same； the local typical community type consist of Schima superba Gardn，Cyclobalanopsis stewardiana and Macropodous tigernanmu. Our research served as a theoretical reference for the biodiversity conservation and restoring degraded vegetation in the region.