Abstract: The chromosomes in Phoebe neurantha and P. bournei were detected and analyzed by common squash and microphotography methods. The results indicated that the number of the somatic chromosome in P. neurantha was 2n=24, and its karyotype formula was K(2n)=2x=24=20m+4sm, the constitution of relative length of chromosome was 6L+4M2+10M1+4S, and the asymmetry index was 5758%. The number of the somatic chromosome in P. bournei was 2n=24, and its karyotype formula was K(2n) =2x= 24=24m; the constitution of relative length of chromosome was 6L+4M2+12M1+2S; the asymmetry index was 54.96%. The chromosomes of the two species were diploid, and were mainly metacentric and submetacentric. Based on the Stebbins classic method, the karyotype of P. neurantha belongs to “2B” type, and the P. bourneiis belongs to “2A” type.