Study on the microclimate effects of oasis shelter forest in the Ulan Buh Desert

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202003048

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 143-152.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202003048

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Study on the microclimate effects of oasis shelter forest in the Ulan Buh Desert

LUO Fengmin(), GAO Junliang, XIN Zhiming, HAO Yuguang^*(), LI Xinle, DUAN Ruibing

Inner Mongolia Dengkou Desert Ecosystem National Observation Research Station, National Long-Term Scientific Research Base of Comprehensive Control in Ulan Buh Desert, Experimental Center of Desert Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Dengkou 015200, China

Received:2020-03-16 Accepted:2020-07-28 Online:2021-09-30 Published:2021-09-30
Contact: HAO Yuguang E-mail:lfm359541965@126.com;hyuguang@163.com

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The oasis in arid areas is a necessary element for economic prosperity and development, and climate factors play a vital role in maintaining the sustainable development of the oasis. Studying the microclimate effect of oasis shelter forests can provide scientific data for the long-term management and healthy development of oasis shelter forests. 【Method】 Inside and outside the oasis shelter forest system of the Ulan Buh Desert was used as the research object, and statistical analysis of 36 years (1983-2018) meteorological data continuously monitored by the two meteorological stations set on the grounds of both oasis shelter forest and desert-oasis ecotone in the Ulan Buh Desert was used. The interannual, annual and seasonal variations in air temperature, soil temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, evaporation, wind speed and the differences in microclimate inside and outside the oasis shelter forest system were analyzed, and the reasons for the observed differences were discussed.【Result】 ① The interannual variation characteristics of air temperature, soil temperature, and precipitation within internal and external shelterbelts showed an increasing trend, but the interannual variation characteristics of relative humidity, evaporation and wind speed showed a decreasing trend. The oasis shelterbelt could reduce the air temperature by 0.2-1.6 ℃ and the soil temperature by 0.10-5.49 ℃; it increased the humidity by 0.5%-18.6% and precipitation by 0.5-100.7 mm; the evaporation decreased by 18.4-1 282.8 mm, and the wind speed decreased by 0.45-1.98 m/s. ② The change trend every 10 years in temperature was 0.27, 0.32 ℃;land ground temperature was 0.28, 0.36 ℃;precipitation was 1.8, 2.5 mm; relative humidity was -0.2%, -1.3%;evaporation was -42.5, -78.4 mm; wind speed was -0.1, -0.2 m/s, respectively, within internal and external shelterbelts. ③The annual variation characteristics of air temperature, soil temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, evaporation within internal and external shelterbelts increased and then decreased; a single-peak curve was observed. The annual variation in wind speed was a double-peak curve. The air temperature, soil temperature, evaporation and wind speed of the internal shelterbelt were lower than those of the external shelterbelt, and the relative humidity and precipitation of the internal shelterbelt were higher than those of the external shelterbelt. ④ Meteorological factors of internal and external shelterbelts had seasonal differences. The growth rates of air temperature, soil temperature, and evaporation in spring, summer autumn and winter in the external shelterbelt were higher than those in the internal shelterbelt in four seasons. The relative humidity of the four seasons within the internal shelterbelt was higher than that of the external shelterbelt. The wind speed of the four seasons within the internal shelterbelt was lower than that of the external shelterbelt. The precipitation of the internal shelterbelt in the spring, summer, higher than that of the external shelterbelt, but were the opposite in autumn and winter. 【Conclusion】 The oasis shelter forest system has the ecological functions of reducing air temperature, soil temperature, evaporation and wind speed while increasing air relative humidity and precipitation. This function is observed in the shelter forest and its crop growing seasons. It also has a positive effect on crop yield, further improving the soil. The function of the oasis shelter forest system plays an essential role in maintaining the sustainable development of the oasis.

Key words: microclimate effect, meteorological factor, oasis, shelter forest system, Ulan Buh Desert

CLC Number:

LUO Fengmin, GAO Junliang, XIN Zhiming, HAO Yuguang, LI Xinle, DUAN Ruibing. Study on the microclimate effects of oasis shelter forest in the Ulan Buh Desert[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2021, 45(5): 143-152.

Figures/Tables 7

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观测点 observation point	地理坐标 geographic coordinate	土壤 soil	植被特征vegetation characteristics			地形地貌特征 topography and landform character
观测点 observation point	地理坐标 geographic coordinate	土壤 soil	植物 plant species	平均高/m average height	平均盖度/% average coverage	地形地貌特征 topography and landform character
防护林外 external shelter forest	106°45'43.45″E 40°25'57.80″N	风沙土黏土	白刺	0.43	23.1	固定和半固定沙丘,白刺灌丛沙堆高1.2~3.6 m
			油蒿	0.35	15.4
			草本	0.21	1.2
防护林内 internal shelter forest	106°47'39″E 40°20'07″N	沙壤土	农作物新疆杨	1.80~2.50 20.00~24.00	生长季90%左右非生长季5%左右	地势平坦,建有完整的农田防护林网,2行一带,株行距1 m×2 m,林网高20~24 m,疏透结构,疏透度84%

季节 season	指标 index			大气温度/℃ air temperature				地表温度/℃ soil temperature			相对湿度/% relative humidity				降水量/mm precipitation				蒸发量/mm evaporation				风速/(m·s^-1) wind speed
季节 season	指标 index			林内 internal		林外 external		林内 internal	林外 external		林内 internal		林外 external		林内 internal		林外 external		林内 internal		林外 external		林内 internal	林外 external
春季 spring	均值mean	10.22	10.70		13.38		14.32			43.11		36.64		19.76		14.48		705.29		763.83		2.81		4.05
	增长率growth rate	0.22	0.29		0.27		0.32			2.01		-0.60		-1.98		-3.07		13.46		15.23		-0.31		-0.22
	趋势系数 trend coefficient	0.28	0.34		0.25		0.31			0.24		-0.08		-0.13		-0.22		0.14		0.11		-0.44		-0.40
夏季 summer	均值mean	23.90	24.65		28.90		30.10			56.55		48.44		86.78		63.49		852.57		1 124.62		2.38		3.65
	增长率growth rate	0.26	0.28		0.25		0.36			1.66		0.67		1.38		0.79		-64.98		-63.98		-0.12		-0.12
	趋势系数 trend coefficient	0.28	0.29		0.16		0.25			0.22		0.10		0.03		0.02		-0.52		-0.51		-0.20		-0.29
秋季 autumn	均值mean	8.75	9.17		9.70		10.56			56.88		49.43		27.84		21.95		390.29		496.91		2.33		3.56
	增长率growth rate	0.27	0.34		0.30		0.41			-2.78		-3.34		1.28		2.99		-6.94		-6.64		-0.20		-0.10
	趋势系数 trend coefficient	0.27	0.34		0.29		0.35			-0.31		-0.42		0.07		0.19		-0.16		-0.08		-0.31		-0.21
冬季 winter	均值mean	-6.95	-7.76		-7.27		-8.03			59.90		52.77		2.19		1.16		124.07		141.84		2.45		3.54
	增长率growth rate	0.34	0.38		0.30		0.33			-1.19		-2.03		-0.04		-0.03		3.49		2.45		-0.18		-0.17
	趋势系数 trend coefficient	0.34	0.38		0.22		0.24			-0.16		-0.32		-0.02		-0.02		0.19		0.09		-0.30		-0.39

Study on the microclimate effects of oasis shelter forest in the Ulan Buh Desert

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