Effects of fertilizer application on seedling growth and nutrient accumulation in Carya illinoinensis container seedlings

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202009051

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 47-56.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202009051

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Effects of fertilizer application on seedling growth and nutrient accumulation in Carya illinoinensis container seedlings

JI Yanhong¹^,²(), TANG Wenhua², DOU Quanqin¹^,^*(), XIE Yinfeng²^,^*()

1. Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210014, China
2. Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037, China

Received:2020-09-22 Accepted:2021-06-15 Online:2021-11-30 Published:2021-12-02
Contact: DOU Quanqin,XIE Yinfeng E-mail:1678716640@qq.com;douqq2008@163.com;xxyy@njfu.edu.cn

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 An experiment was conducted to explore the effects of fertilization methods and fertilization amounts on the growth and nutrient content of container seedlings of Carya illinoinensis and select suitable fertilization programs for the seedling growth. 【Method】 One-year-old container seedlings of C. illinoinensis ‘Shaoxing’ were used as the materials. The three fertilization methods included exponential fertilization(A), conventional fertilization(B), and average fertilization(C), and each fertilization method was set to 0.5, 2.0, 3.5, and 5.0 g per plant. The treatment without fertilization was used as the control (CK). There were 13 treatments in total, and the seedlings’ height, ground stem, biomass, root system indicators and nutrient accumulation indicators were measured to analyze the effects of different fertilization methods, fertilization amounts on the growth and nutrient accumulation of container seedlings of C. illinoinensis. 【Result】 Under exponential fertilization, the seedling height, ground diameter, biomass and other indicators gradually increased with the increase of the fertilization amount, and the suitable fertilization rate was 5.0 g per plant (treatment A4). Under conventional fertilization and average fertilization, the growth indices intially increased then decreased with the increase of fertilization amounts, which reached a maximum at 3.5 g per plant (treatments B3 and C3). It was obvious that the treatment C3 was better than the treatments B3 and A4. In the index of nutrient accumulation of seedlings, under exponential fertilization, the accumulation of N and K elements except P increased with an increase in the fertilization rate, which indicated that the growth of seedlings under the exponential fertilization treatment was poor. Under conventional fertilization and average fertilization, the nutrient accumulation of each treatment initially increased then decreased with an increase in the fertilization rate and reached a maximum at 3.5 g per plant. C3 was the best treatment, followed by B3. 【Conclusion】 In this experiment, the average fertilization method and fertilization rate of 3.5 g/plant were beneficial to the growth of one-year-old C. illinoinensis seedlings. The seedling height, ground diameter, root indices, biomass and nutrient accumulation were the best under this treatment condition, as was the seedling quality.

Key words: Carya illinoinensis container seedlings, fertilization method, fertilizer amount, seedling growth

CLC Number:

S664

JI Yanhong, TANG Wenhua, DOU Quanqin, XIE Yinfeng. Effects of fertilizer application on seedling growth and nutrient accumulation in Carya illinoinensis container seedlings[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2021, 45(6): 47-56.

Figures/Tables 9

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Fig.1

Table 4

Effects of different fertilization methods and dosages on the contents of N,P, K elements and their accumulation in C. illinoinensis container seedlings"

施肥方式 methods	施肥量 fertili- zation amounts	c(N)/%			c(P)/%			c(K)/%			积累量/mg accumulate
施肥方式 methods	施肥量 fertili- zation amounts	根 root	茎 stem	叶 leaf	根 root	茎 stem	叶 leaf	根 root	茎 stem	叶 leaf	N	P	K
CK	0	0.364± 0.014 g	0.387± 0.021 f	1.400± 0.175 f	0.111± 0.009 g	0.108± 0.007 f	0.175± 0.047 e	0.233± 0.014 f	0.084± 0.003 h	0.282± 0.006 f	23.80± 3.22 h	5.34± 1.36 f	9.17± 1.01 g
A	A1	0.401± 0.008 fg	0.406± 0.014 ef	1.531± 0.082 def	0.131± 0.003 g	0.109± 0.008 f	0.215± 0.021 d	0.230± 0.010 f	0.087± 0.003 h	0.296± 0.011 ef	39.22± 4.72 gh	9.19± 1.31 f	13.92± 1.45 fg
	A2	0.453± 0.017 ef	0.457± 0.021 cde	1.624± 0.070 cd	0.229± 0.002 cd	0.180± 0.006 c	0.345± 0.037 c	0.241± 0.009 ef	0.098± 0.001 g	0.353± 0.018 d	118.57± 21.97 f	35.08± 5.80 e	34.22± 3.48 e
	A3	0.560± 0.028 cd	0.471± 0.008 bcd	1.703± 0.072 abc	0.297± 0.014 b	0.211± 0.008 ab	0.394± 0.025 ab	0.274± 0.005 cd	0.116± 0.002 e	0.440± 0.040 c	182.42± 8.21 de	60.03± 0.71 cd	58.61± 2.05 cd
	A4	0.770± 0.028 b	0.518± 0.048 ab	1.792± 0.014 ab	0.229± 0.026 cd	0.208± 0.008 ab	0.363± 0.022 bc	0.293± 0.005 b	0.134± 0.002 c	0.474± 0.012 ab	227.33± 33.17 c	56.08± 4.70 d	69.03± 9.18 c
B	B1	0.476± 0.042 ef	0.425± 0.021 def	1.577± 0.021 cde	0.177± 0.007 f	0.141± 0.009 de	0.245± 0.008 d	0.250± 0.013 e	0.087± 0.002 h	0.297± 0.009 ef	76.71± 13.31 g	19.86± 2.76 f	25.07± 4.42 ef
	B2	0.513± 0.066 de	0.471± 0.035 bcd	1.596± 0.087 cde	0.214± 0.009 de	0.196± 0.013 bc	0.352± 0.007 c	0.265± 0.006 d	0.106± 0.004 f	0.377± 0.008 d	155.53± 6.70 ef	45.75± 2.18 de	49.18± 2.52 d
	B3	0.611± 0.029 c	0.502± 0.014 bc	1.797± 0.053 ab	0.322± 0.024 b	0.207± 0.007 ab	0.415± 0.012 a	0.282± 0.010 bc	0.114± 0.001 e	0.458± 0.029 bc	278.14± 37.25 b	99.97± 10.21 b	92.58± 14.89 b
	B4	0.719± 0.035 b	0.559± 0.028 a	1.661± 0.057 bcd	0.246± 0.023 cd	0.207± 0.005 ab	0.374± 0.013 bc	0.294± 0.008 b	0.126± 0.006 d	0.477± 0.009 ab	209.49± 25.35 cd	59.46± 10.95 cd	69.35± 9.57 c
C	C1	0.429± 0.045 fg	0.434± 0.042 def	1.456± 0.097 ef	0.186± 0.016 ef	0.132± 0.004 e	0.218± 0.009 d	0.249± 0.007 e	0.095± 0.005 g	0.317± 0.012 e	64.98± 5.81 g	19.10± 1.09 f	24.89± 0.86 ef
	C2	0.474± 0.028 ef	0.453± 0.032 cde	1.573± 0.063 cde	0.253± 0.009 c	0.157± 0.011 d	0.359± 0.019 bc	0.272± 0.003 cd	0.118± 0.006 e	0.377± 0.006 d	176.65±1 6.25 de	56.52± 8.15 d	58.13± 5.95 cd
	C3	0.630± 0.028 c	0.560± 0.028 a	1.837± 0.076 a	0.431± 0.033 a	0.222± 0.033 a	0.417± 0.008 a	0.289± 0.003 b	0.180± 0.011 b	0.478± 0.023 ab	344.28± 38.59 a	135.33± 20.03 a	114.04± 14.73 a
	C4	0.901 ±0.093 a	0.439± 0.021 def	1.787± 0.032 ab	0.252± 0.021 c	0.216± 0.005 ab	0.359± 0.014 bc	0.315 ±0.006 a	0.191± 0.002 a	0.496 ±0.009 a	286.43± 25.65 b	72.67± 8.20 c	91.32± 6.54 b

Table 4

Table 5

Table 6

Table 7

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施肥方式 methods	施肥量 fertilization amounts	第1周 1st week	第2周 2nd week	第3周 3rd week	第4周 4th week	第5周 5th week	第6周 6th week	第7周 7th week	第8周 8th week	第9周 9th week	第10周 10th week	第11周 11th week	第12周 12th week
CK	0
A	A1	0.024	0.027	0.030	0.032	0.035	0.038	0.042	0.046	0.050	0.055	0.060	0.066
	A2	0.051	0.062	0.073	0.088	0.106	0.126	0.151	0.180	0.219	0.260	0.312	0.374
	A3	0.065	0.081	0.101	0.126	0.158	0.197	0.246	0.308	0.385	0.481	0.602	0.752
	A4	0.074	0.095	0.121	0.157	0.202	0.259	0.333	0.428	0.550	0.707	0.909	1.159
B	B1	0.167				0.167				0.167
	B2	0.667				0.667				0.667
	B3	1.167				1.167				1.167
	B4	1.667				1.667				1.667
C	C1	0.042	0.042	0.042	0.042	0.042	0.042	0.042	0.042	0.042	0.042	0.042	0.042
	C2	0.167	0.167	0.167	0.167	0.167	0.167	0.167	0.167	0.167	0.167	0.167	0.167
	C3	0.292	0.292	0.292	0.292	0.292	0.292	0.292	0.292	0.292	0.292	0.292	0.292
	C4	0.417	0.417	0.417	0.417	0.417	0.417	0.417	0.417	0.417	0.417	0.417	0.417

施肥方式 methods	施肥量 fertilization amount	苗高/cm height of seedling	地径/mm ground diameter	根干质量/g root dry mass	茎干质量/g stem dry mass	叶干质量/g leaf dry mass	总干质量/g total dry mass	根系总长度/cm total root length	根系总表面积/cm² total root surface area	根系总体积/cm³ total root volume
CK	0	19.83±2.56 d	4.87±0.58 e	2.75±0.48 g	0.91±0.19 f	0.72±0.13 f	4.37±0.66 g	1 337.91±179.77 f	210.97±33.27 e	2.94±0.41 g
A	A1	23.92±3.12 cd	5.20±0.42 e	4.07±0.37 g	1.24±0.26 ef	1.18±0.31 ef	6.49±0.68 g	1 977.83±313.26 e	398.77±21.88 d	4.90±0.80 f
	A2	30.42±3.14 ab	6.56±0.50 c	6.05±0.16 f	2.04±0.32 def	5.01±0.98 d	13.10±1.41 f	2 347.31±309.57 de	432.35±43.32 cd	6.40±0.48 ef
	A3	30.92±3.36 ab	6.75±0.62 bc	9.05±0.23 d	2.59±0.56 cde	7.02±0.91 bc	18.66±1.27 e	2 930.32±277.87 c	579.75±68.91 b	8.19±0.74 cde
	A4	31.17±3.94 ab	6.81±0.92 bc	10.23±1.27 cd	2.89±0.83 cd	7.43±1.29 bc	20.56±2.51 de	2 964.49±362.65 c	547.71±24.57 b	9.25±0.83 cd

施肥方式 methods	施肥量 fertilization amount	苗高/cm height of seedling	地径/mm ground diameter	根干质量/g root dry mass	茎干质量/g stem dry mass	叶干质量/g leaf dry mass	总干质量/g total dry mass	根系总长度/cm total root length	根系总表面积/cm² total root surface area	根系总体积/cm³ total root volume
B	B1	23.67±1.98 cd	5.54±0.42 de	6.58±1.31 f	1.66±0.23 def	2.42±0.30 e	10.65±1.54 f	1 999.23±265.56 e	392.06±53.37 d	6.33±0.36 ef
	B2	32.62±2.86 a	6.90±0.72 bc	8.71±0.79 de	2.80±0.08 cd	6.13±0.20 cd	17.64±0.68 e	2 663.05±241.70 cd	508.16±65.04 bc	7.74±0.86 de
	B3	33.92±3.32 a	7.14±0.54 bc	17.51±1.75 a	4.57±0.36 ab	8.25±1.51 b	30.32±3.61 b	3 671.05±250.67 b	844.85±47.68 a	15.66±1.66 a
	B4	33.58±3.14 a	6.95±0.86 bc	11.52±1.51 c	2.80±0.54 cd	6.70±0.78 bc	21.01±2.81 de	3 108.83±323.02 c	571.74±49.45 b	9.77±1.66 c
C	C1	26.83±2.10 bc	6.28±0.36 cd	6.88±0.78 ef	1.60±0.21 def	1.96±0.41 ef	10.44±0.37 f	2 184.89±157.59 de	430.37±28.98 cd	7.49±1.00 de
	C2	31.67±3.32 ab	7.03±0.42 bc	9.71±1.45 cd	3.59±0.41 bc	7.30±0.84 bc	20.59±1.95 de	2 894.27±90.67 c	567.90±22.04 b	8.92±0.62 cd
	C3	34.58±4.12 a	8.23±0.62 a	18.01±1.50 a	5.22±0.78 a	10.98±1.60 a	34.21±3.57 a	4 825.01±472.97 a	870.30±48.13 a	16.01±1.45 a
	C4	32.57±3.24 a	7.68±0.52 ab	14.28±1.31 b	3.88±0.61 abc	7.86±0.43 b	26.02±2.16 c	4 394.33±337.92 a	813.77±51.41 a	13.60±1.71 b

变异来源 source of variation	统计量 statistic	苗高 height	地径 ground diameter	根干质量 root dry mass	茎干质量 stem dry mass	叶干质量 leaf dry mass	总干质量 total dry mass	根系总长度 total root length	根系总表面积 total root surface area	根系总体积 total root volume
施肥方式 fertilization method	F	25.95	23.23	11.88	10.27	10.89	12.14	12.59	14.9	12.19
施肥方式 fertilization method	P	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01
施肥量 fertilization amount	F	7.31	7.05	5.86	5.19	7.13	6.52	5.22	5.25	4.92
施肥量 fertilization amount	P	<0.01	<0.05	<0.05	<0.05	<0.01	<0.05	<0.05	<0.05	<0.05
交互作用 interaction effect	F	1.95	2.04	17.22	8.22	14.42	18.51	11.07	16.83	14.12
交互作用 interaction effect	P	<0.05	<0.05	<0.05	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01

变异来源 source of variation	统计量 statistic	N			P			K			元素积累量accumulation
变异来源 source of variation	统计量 statistic	根 root	茎 stem	叶 leaf	根 root	茎 stem	叶 leaf	根 root	茎 stem	叶 leaf	N	P	K
施肥方式 fertilization method	F	5.76	4.97	9.80	9.94	10.28	16.91	9.53	6.72	8.76	9.29	7.05	9.74
施肥方式 fertilization method	P	<0.05	<0.05	<0.01	<0.05	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.05	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01
施肥量 fertilization amount	F	6.96	2.44	4.82	6.31	6.01	8.69	7.75	4.34	8.83	6.58	5.91	6.77
施肥量 fertilization amount	P	<0.05	>0.05	<0.05	<0.05	<0.05	<0.05	<0.01	<0.05	<0.05	<0.05	<0.05	<0.05
交互作用 interaction effect	F	17.40	6.70	1.93	23.34	12.91	5.90	5.99	69.04	19.93	22.79	25.81	19.59
交互作用 interaction effect	P	<0.01	<0.01	>0.05	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01

Effects of fertilizer application on seedling growth and nutrient accumulation in Carya illinoinensis container seedlings

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施肥方式 methods	施肥量 fertilization amount	第1主成分分值 PC1 score	排序 rank
CK	0	-1.649 92	13
A	A1	-1.196 87	12
	A2	-0.445 90	9
	A3	0.111 37	7
	A4	0.242 97	5
B	B1	-0.950 39	11
	B2	-0.042 17	8
	B3	1.200 05	2
	B4	0.357 34	4
C	C1	-0.730 20	10
	C2	0.178 16	6
	C3	1.821 81	1
	C4	1.103 76	3

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成分 PC	特征值 eigenvalue	方差贡献率/% variance contribution rate	累计贡献百分率/% cumulative percentage contribution
1	8.444	93.82	93.820
2	0.305	3.39	97.212
3	0.094	1.05	98.262