A review on the application of microelements in forests

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202105031

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 229-239.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202105031

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A review on the application of microelements in forests

ZHANG Heng(), CHEN Ruifan, LIN Jiabei, DENG Xiaomei(), XI Ruchun()

College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou 510642, China

Received:2021-05-17 Revised:2022-03-29 Online:2022-09-30 Published:2022-10-19
Contact: DENG Xiaomei,XI Ruchun E-mail:ginkgozh@163.com;dxmei2006@scau.edu.cn;xirc2006@scau.edu.cn

Abstract

Abstract:

Microelements are crucial for the growth and development of trees, and they are involved in various physiological and biochemical processes such as tree respiration, photosynthesis, nutrient absorption, and hormone signal transduction. At present, there are 16 element types related to the growth of trees, among which there are eight types of trace elements. Microelements are closely related to tree nutrient element concentration and tree growth and yield. This is also the theoretical basis for tree fertilization and nutritional diagnosis.The research status of the function of microelements in trees, the relationship between microelements and tree growth, stand types, soil, pests and diseases, the molecular mechanism of absorption and transport of microelements in trees, nutrition diagnosis and other aspects were reviewed, and recommendations were made on current problems and future research. There are few varieties and yields for micro-fertilizers available for trees in China and there is still a gap when compared with other countries. For example, micro-fertilizer production and quality standards have not been organized, and the products have not reached a level of diversification. There are synergistic or antagonistic effects among the different microelements. Although soil microelement distribution regulations are not fully understood in the context of current production and there is a lack of focus on tree fertilization, the development of ecological agriculture and forestry in China has already started. In-depth research was undertaken on the nutritional diagnosis technology of trees, the research and utilization of micro-fertilizers, efficient nutrient management, and the cultivation of fast-growing and high-yield forests in China. Microbial fertilizers can be used in forest fertilization to slow down the trend in land nutrition decline. Meanwhile, it is important to carry out tree species selection, soil improvement, and strengthen management to improve the overall efficiency of forest management.

Key words: microelement, tree growth and development, absorption and transfer, nutritional diagnosis, micro fertilizer research

CLC Number:

S606
S714

ZHANG Heng, CHEN Ruifan, LIN Jiabei, DENG Xiaomei, XI Ruchun. A review on the application of microelements in forests[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2022, 46(5): 229-239.

Figures/Tables 2

Table 1

Table 2

Effects of main soil minerals and soil pH on the absorption of trace elements by soil and trees"

元素 element	矿物质类型 mineral type	对浓度/吸收的影响 effect on concentration/absorption
B	硼酸盐 :Na₂B₄O₇·10H₂O、Na₂B₄O₇·4H₂O、Ca₂B₆O₁₁·5H₂O、 NaCaB₅O₉·4H₂O	土壤pH的增加有利于B的吸附;在pH> 6.0时,B的有效性和摄入量急剧下降
Cu	碳酸盐:Cu₂(OH)₂CO₃、Cu₃(OH)₂(CO₃)₂。氧化物:Cu₂O、CuO。硫化物:Cu₂S、CuS、CuFeS₂、Cu₃FeS₄、Cu₉S₅、Cu₃AsS₄、Cu₁₂Sb₄S₁₃	Cu²⁺的溶解度与土壤pH密切相关,pH每增加1个单位,Cu²⁺ 溶解度会降低100倍,植物对该元素的吸收也会减少
Fe	碳酸盐:FeCO₃。氧化物:Fe₂O₃、Fe₃O₄、FeOOH。硫化物:FeS₂。硫酸盐:KFe₃(OH)₆(SO₄)₄	土壤中的Fe³⁺和Fe²⁺的活性每降低一个单位,土壤pH就会分别降低1 000倍和100倍;林木对土壤中Fe的吸收也会减少
Mn	碳酸盐:MnCO₃。氧化物:MnO₂、Mn₃O₄、MnOOH、(Mn, Si)₂O₃、 BaMg₉O₁₈·2H₂O。硅酸盐:MnSiO₃	土壤pH每增加1个单位,其浓度就会降低100倍;在极端酸性土壤中,Mn²⁺的溶解度变大,从而对林木产生毒害作用
Mo	氧化物:Mo₃O₈·8H₂O。钼酸盐:PbMoO₄、CaMoO₄、Fe₂(MoO₄)·8H₂O	Mo $O 4 2 -$ 浓度随土壤pH增加而增大,林木吸收也会增加
Zn	碳酸盐:ZnCO₃。硫化物:ZnS。硅酸盐:Zn₄(OH)₂Si₂O₇·H₂O	pH每增加一个单位,Zn的溶解度就会降低100倍,林木吸收量降低
Cl	钾盐:KCl。钾盐镁矾:KCl、MgSO₄·3H₂O。无水钾镁矾:K₂SO₄·2MgSO₄	土壤pH升高,林木对Cl的吸收增强
Ni	硫镍铁矿:(Fe,Ni)₉S₈。铁镍矿:Ni₃Fe。陨碳铁:(Fe,Ni)₃C。镍:Ni	在酸性土壤中Ni的可用性比碱性土壤高

Table 2

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微量元素 micronutrient	功能 function	缺乏症状 deficiency symptom
B	激活某些脱氢酶,参与碳水化合物的代谢、细胞壁的合成,对细胞分裂和细胞发育至关重要	芽尖和根尖的生长点死亡,影响花芽发育
Cu	许多重要氧化酶的组成成分,在光合作用、蛋白质和碳水化合物中很重要	幼叶黄化,叶端卷曲,顶梢枯死,生长受阻
Fe	在叶绿素形成、光合作用和电子转移发挥重要作用,并且是过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶的重要组成部分	幼叶变黄,叶脉仍为绿色,严重时整个叶片枯黄或发白,叶缘枯死
Mn	激活脱羧酶、脱氢酶和氧化酶;参与光合作用;促进氮素代谢和氮素同化	叶脉和叶脉周围组织为浅绿色,晚期叶片组织坏死
Mo	硝酸盐还原酶和N₂固定酶的必需组成部分	幼叶有白斑,叶片泛白枯黄,有时顶端甚至死亡
Zn	某些脱氢酶、蛋白酶和肽酶的必需成分	叶片变小失绿,在叶中部有明显白色条纹
CI	调节细胞质酶活动,稳定膜电位,并在光合作用中发挥辅助因子的作用	叶片枯萎,根系生长发育不良及果实变小
Ni	在尿素分解、维持细胞氧化还原状态及抗逆性发挥重要作用	叶片坏死病变

A review on the application of microelements in forests

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