A quantitative divided method for the vegetation vertical belt based on NDVI and DEM: a case study of Taibai Mountain on the south slope

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202110028

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (5): 165-171.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202110028

Previous Articles Next Articles

A quantitative divided method for the vegetation vertical belt based on NDVI and DEM: a case study of Taibai Mountain on the south slope

ZHAO Ting¹^,²(), BAI Hongying², DENG Chenhui³, TA Zhijie¹

1. School of Tourism, Xi’an International Studies University, Xi’an 710128,China
2. College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127,China
3. School of Geography and Environment, Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang 712000,China

Received:2021-10-13 Revised:2022-04-20 Online:2023-09-30 Published:2023-10-10

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 Our aim was to evaluate the accuracy of mapping vegetation distribution along the southern slope of the Taibai Mountains using remote sensing and geographic information technology.【Method】We quantified the boundary of vertical vegetation zoning by half-peak width calculation in a mountains digital elevation medel-normalized difference regetation index (DEM-NDVI) scatter map based on different NDVI between summer and autumn in the Taibai Mountains of Qinling.【Result】The scatter map constructed by NDVI differences in summer and autumn and DEM well reflected well the vertical distribution pattern of mountain vegetation. The south slope of Taibai Mountain Reserve could be divided into six vertical vegetation zones: oak forest distributed in 1 509-1 919 m, pine-oak mixed forest distributed in 1 919-2 331 m, birch forest distributed in 2 115-2 585 m, Abies forest distributed in 2 516-3 150 m, Larix chinensis forest distributed in 3 109-3 551 m, and alpine scrub meadow distributed above 3 551 m to the peak. Compared with vegetation classification results interpreted from remote sensing images, the DEM-NDVI scatter map was basically consistent with the distribution pattern of vegetation vertical belt, but the DEM-NDVI scatter map could reflect the average distribution of vegetation and more accurately expressed the variation characteristics of vegetation vertical zoning with altitudes.【Conclusion】The scatter map based on different NDVI between summer and autumn at different altitudes can quickly and accurately divide the vertical zone of mountain vegetation.

Key words: vegetation vertical belt, digital elevation model(DEM), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), Taibai Mountain

CLC Number:

ZHAO Ting, BAI Hongying, DENG Chenhui, TA Zhijie. A quantitative divided method for the vegetation vertical belt based on NDVI and DEM: a case study of Taibai Mountain on the south slope[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2023, 47(5): 165-171.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Table 1

Table 2

Fig. 5

Table 3

References 29

[1]	刘家福, 马帅, 李帅, 等. 1982—2016年东北黑土区植被NDVI动态及其对气候变化的响应[J]. 生态学报, 2018, 38(21):7647-7657.
	LIU J F, MA S, LI S, et al. Changes in vegetation NDVI from 1982 to 2016 and its responses to climate change in the black-soil area of northeast China[J]. Acta Ecol Sin, 2018, 38(21):7647-7657.DOI: 10.5846/stxb201712112226.
[2]	HAMILTON A C, PERROTT R A. A study of altitudinal zonation in the montane forest belt of Mt.Elgon,Kenya/Uganda[J]. Vegetatio, 1981, 45(2):107-125.DOI: 10.1007/BF00119220.
[3]	ZHANG B P, YAO Y H. Implications of mass elevation effect for the altitudinal patterns of global ecology[J]. J Geogr Sci, 2016, 26(7):871-877.DOI: 10.1007/s11442-016-1303-2.
[4]	王青, 石敏球, 郭亚琳, 等. 岷江上游山区聚落生态位垂直分异研究[J]. 地理学报, 2013, 68(11):1559-1567. doi: 10.11821/dlxb201311011
	WANG Q, SHI M Q, GUO Y L, et al. The vertical differentiation of the mountain settlement niche in the upper reaches of Minjiang River[J]. Acta Geogr Sin, 2013, 68(11):1559-1567.DOI: 10.11821/dlxb201311011.
[5]	马明哲, 申国珍, 熊高明, 等. 神农架自然遗产地植被垂直带谱的特点和代表性[J]. 植物生态学报, 2017, 41(11):1127-1139. doi: 10.17521/cjpe.2017.0092
	MA M Z, SHEN G Z, XIONG G M, et al. Characteristic and representativeness of the vertical vegetation zonation along the altitudinal gradient in Shennongjia Natural Heritage[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2017, 41(11):1127-1139.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2017.0092.
[6]	李春干, 谭必增. 基于“3S”的红树林资源调查方法研究[J]. 自然资源学报, 2003, 18(2):215-221.
	LI C G, TAN B Z. Studies on the methods of mangrove inventory based on RS,GPS and GIS[J]. J Nat Resour, 2003, 18(2):215-221.DOI: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2003.02.014.
[7]	张桥英, 张运春, 罗鹏, 等. 白马雪山阳坡林线方枝柏种群的生态特征[J]. 植物生态学报, 2007, 31(5):857-864.
	ZHANG Q Y, ZHSNG Y C, LUO P, et al. Ecological characteristics of cypress population in yang-slope forest line of Baima Mountain[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2007, 31(5):857-864. doi: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0108
[8]	MIHAI B, SAVULESCU I, SANDRIC I. Change detection analysis (1986—2002) of vegetation cover in Romania[J]. Mt Res Dev, 2007, 27(3):250-258.DOI: 10.1659/mred.0645.
[9]	SITKO I, TROLL M. Timberline changes in relation to summer farming in the western chornohora (Ukrainian carpathians)[J]. Mt Res Dev, 2008, 28(3/4):263-271.DOI: 10.1659/mrd.0963.
[10]	李伟涛. 高分辨率遥感森林植被分类提取研究[D]. 北京: 北京林业大学, 2016.
	LI W T. Forest vegetation classification using high resolution remote sensing image[D]. Beijing: Beijing Forestry University, 2016.
[11]	张俊瑶, 姚永慧, 索南东主, 等. 基于垂直带谱的太白山区山地植被遥感信息提取[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2019, 21(8):1284-1294. doi: 10.12082/dqxxkx.2019.180650
	ZHANG J Y, YAO Y H, SUONAN D Z, et al. Mapping of mountain vegetation in Taibai Mountain based on mountain altitudinal belts with remote sensing[J]. J Geo Inf Sci, 2019, 21(8):1284-1294.DOI: 10.12082/dqxxkx.2019.180650.
[12]	DANZEGLOOCKE J, OLUIC M. Remote sensing of upper timberline elevation in the Alps on different scales[C]// DUBROVNIK C. New strategies for European remote sensing. Proceedings of the 24th Symposium of the European Association of Remote Sensing Laboratories. Rotterdam,Netherlands: Millpress Science Publishers, 2005:145-151.
[13]	DANZEGLOCKE J, MENZ G. Analysis of upper timberline elevation in the European Alps using MODIS data[C]// IGARSS 2004.2004 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. September 20-24,2004,Anchorage,AK,USA.IEEE, 2004:2373-2376.DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2004.1369765.
[14]	常纯, 王心源, 杨瑞霞, 等. 基于DEM-NDVI的高山植被带定量刻划[J]. 地理研究, 2015, 34(11):2113-2123. doi: 10.11821/dlyj201511010
	CHANG C, WANG X Y, YANG R X, et al. A quantitative characterization method for alpine vegetation zone based on DEM and NDVI[J]. Geogr Res, 2015, 34(11):2113-2123.DOI: 10.11821/dlyj201511010.
[15]	冀欣阳, 骆磊, 王心源, 等. 基于 “DEM-DNVI-土地覆盖分类” 的天山博格达自然遗产地山地垂直带提取与变化分析[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2018, 20(9):1350-1360. doi: 10.12082/dqxxkx.2018.1801016
	JI X Y, LUO L, WANG X Y, et al. Identification and change analysis of mountain altitudinal zone in Tianshan Bogda Natural Heritage Site based on “DEM-DNVI-land cover classification”[J]. J Geo Inf Sci, 2018, 20(9):1350-1360.
[16]	廖颖. 王朗自然保护区亚高山植被垂直带精细观测与定量刻划[D]. 北京: 中国科学院大学, 2016.
	LIAO Y. Fine observation and quantitative characterization of subalpine vegetation vertical zone in Wanglang Nature Reserve[D]. Beijing: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2016.
[17]	岳明. 秦岭植物垂直带谱完整复杂[J]. 森林与人类, 2015(2):76-81.
	YUE M. The vertical band spectrum of plants in Qinling Mountains is complete and complex[J]. For & Humankind, 2015(2):76-81.
[18]	岳明, 许跃波. 植物的秦岭[J]. 森林与人类, 2014(2):14-25.
	YUE M, XU Y B. Qinling Mountains of plants[J]. For & Humankind, 2014(2):14-25.
[19]	尚升海, 邢海虹. 秦岭南北坡植被垂直分布的差异比较[J]. 吉林农业, 2016(1):114-115.
	SHANG S H, XING H H. Comparison of vertical distribution of vegetation on the north and south slopes of Qinling Mountains[J]. Agric Jilin, 2016(1):114-115.DOI: 10.14025/j.cnki.jlny.2016.01.057.
[20]	李海宁. 太白山北坡植物物种多样性及其垂直分布格局研究[D]. 西安: 陕西师范大学, 2007.
	LI H N. Studies on the species diversity and vertical distribution pattern on northern slopes of Mt.Taibai[D]. Xi’an: Shaanxi Normal University, 2007.
[21]	雷梅, 陈同斌, 冯立孝, 等. 太白山北坡成土因素及不同土壤垂直带谱的比较[J]. 地理研究, 2001, 20(5):583-592.
	LEI M, CHEN T B, FENG L X, et al. Soil formation factors and comparison among different altitudinal zonations of the soils on northern slope of the Taibai Mountains[J]. Geogr Res, 2001, 20(5):583-592. doi: 10.11821/yj2001050008
[22]	康慕谊, 朱源. 秦岭山地生态分界线的论证[J]. 生态学报, 2007, 27(7):2774-2784.
	KANG M Y, ZHU Y. Discussion and analysis on the geo-ecological boundary in Qinling range[J]. Acta Ecol Sin, 2007, 27(7):2774-2784.DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2007.07.014.
[23]	白红英, 马新萍, 高翔, 等. 基于DEM的秦岭山地1月气温及0 ℃等温线变化[J]. 地理学报, 2012, 67(11):1443-1450.
	BAI H Y, MA X P, GAO X, et al. Variations in January temperature and 0 ℃ isothermal curve in Qinling Mountains based on DEM[J]. Acta Geogr Sin, 2012, 67(11):1443-1450.DOI: 10.11821/xb201211001.
[24]	秦进, 白红英, 李书恒, 等. 太白山南北坡高山林线太白红杉对气候变化的响应差异[J]. 生态学报, 2016, 36(17):5333-5342.
	QIN J, BAI H Y, LI S H, et al. Differences in growth response of Larix chinensis to climate change at the upper timberline of southern and northern slopes of Mt.Taibai in central Qinling Mountains,China[J]. Acta Ecol Sin, 2016, 36(17):5333-5342.DOI: 10.5846/stxb201502060304.
[25]	张善红, 白红英, 高翔, 等. 太白山植被指数时空变化及其对区域温度的响应[J]. 自然资源学报, 2011, 26(8):1377-1386. doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2011.08.012
	ZHANG S H, BAI H Y, GAO X, et al. Spatial-temporal changes of vegetation index and its responses to regional temperature in Taibai Mountain[J]. J Nat Resour, 2011, 26(8):1377-1386. doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2011.08.024
[26]	翟丹平, 白红英, 秦进, 等. 秦岭太白山气温直减率时空差异性研究[J]. 地理学报, 2016, 71(9):1587-1595. doi: 10.11821/dlxb201609010
	ZHAI D P, BAI H Y, QIN J, et al. Temporal and spatial variability of air temperature lapse rates in Mt.Taibai,central Qinling Mountains[J]. Acta Geogr Sin, 2016, 71(9):1587-1595.DOI: 10.11821/dlxb201609010.
[27]	李晓东. 对陕西秦岭西段南坡植被垂直带划分问题的一点认识[J]. 陕西林业科技, 1985(3):88-92.
	LI X D. Some understanding on the division of vertical vegetation zones on the southern slope of the western Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi Province[J]. Shaanxi For Sci Technol, 1985(3):88-92.
[28]	方正, 高淑贞. 秦岭太白山南北坡的植被垂直带谱[J]. 植物生态学与地植物学丛刊, 1963, 1(S1):162-163.
	FANG Z, GAO S Z. Vertical belt spectrum of vegetation on the north and south slopes of Taibai Mountain in Qinling Mountains[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 1963, 1(S1):162-163.
[29]	徐文铎. 吉良的热量指数及其在中国植被中的应用[J]. 生态学杂志, 1985, 4(3):35-39.
	XU W D. Kira’s temperature indices and their application in the study of vegetation[J]. Chin J Ecol, 1985, 4(3):35-39.

Related Articles 15

[1]	YIN Huakang, ZHANG Jindong, HUANG Jinyan, PU Guanhua, MAO Ze’en, ZHOU Caiquan, HUANG Yaohua, FU Liqiang. Spatial distribution of bamboo, the staple food of giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) in Mabian Dafengding Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2025, 49(1): 187-193.
[2]	FAN Mingyang, HU Meng, YNAG Yuan, FANG Yanming. Community classification, structures and species diversity characteristics of Pinus massoniana and P. hwangshanensis in the eastern China [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2024, 48(1): 47-58.
[3]	LUO Chuying, SHE Jiyun, TANG Zichao. Prediction of potential distribution areas of the endangered Cathaya argyrophylla based on shared socio-economic pathways (SSPs) climate scenarios [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2024, 48(1): 161-168.
[4]	LI Yuhan, DING Yanfen, ZHANG Changwei. Niche and interspecific association of dominant herbaceous plants in the outer Qinhuai River,Nanjing City [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2023, 47(6): 203-210.
[5]	WEI Yajuan, GUO Jing, DANG Xiaohong, Xie Yunhu, WANG Ji, LI Xiaole, WU Huimin. Morphological characteristics and influencing mechanisms of Nitraria tangutorum nebkhas at different sandy land types in desert oasis ecotone of Jilantai [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2023, 47(5): 172-180.
[6]	YUAN Jingqi, YU Zhongliang, LAN Xuehan, LI Chenghong, TIAN Nianjun, DU Fengguo. Effects of shading treatments on photosynthetic characteristics of endangered plant Thuja koraiensis [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2022, 46(5): 58-66.
[7]	GONG Maojia, WANG Juan, FU Xiaoyong, KOU Weili, LU Ning, WANG Qiuhua, LAI Hongyan. Suitable regions forecasting and environmental influencing factors of Malania oleifera in Yunnan and Guangxi [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2022, 46(2): 44-52.
[8]	CHEN Lin, PAN Tingting, LYU Xiaodong, WANG Zhangpei, CHENG Lin. New records of seed plants from Jiangxi Province [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2021, 45(5): 232-234.
[9]	MIAO Jing, WANG Yong, WANG Lu, XU Xiaogang. Prediction of potential geographical distribution pattern change for Castanopsis sclerophylla on MaxEnt [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2021, 45(3): 193-198.
[10]	PAN Tingting, CHEN Lin, YANG Guodong, YI Xiangui, WANG Xianrong. Species diversity of communities and environmental interpretation of the suburban forest in Northern Nanjing [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2020, 44(6): 48-54.
[11]	WANG Yingying, MA Yuying, ZHANG Yong, HUANG Zheng. Biodiversity and the risk of infectious diseases [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2020, 44(6): 9-11.
[12]	HUANG Yaru, XIN Zhiming, LI Yonghua, MA Yingbin, DONG Xue, LUO Fengmin, LI Xinle, DUAN Ruibin. Seasonal variation of the stem sap flow of artificial Haloxylon ammodendron (C.A.Mey.) Bunge and its relationship with meteorological factors in Ulan Buh Desert [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2020, 44(6): 131-139.
[13]	DUAN Na, WANG Ji, HAO Yuguang, GAO Junliang, CHEN Xiaona, DUO Puzeng. Effects of gas exchange and morphological characteristics of desert species Nitraria tangutorum under moisture variation [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2019, 43(6): 32-38.
[14]	CHEN Yuheng, LÜ Yiwei, YIN Xiaojie. Predicting habitat suitability of 12 coniferous forest tree species in southwest China based on climate change [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2019, 43(6): 113-120.
[15]	ZHANG Jiqiang,CHEN Wenye,TAN Yanrong,LIU Donghao, YUAN Haifeng, WANG Binjie,LIU Hongyuan,CHEN Xu. Niche characteristics of a salinized Phragmites communis meadow in a wetland of West Lake, Dunhuang, Gansu Province [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2019, 43(02): 191-196.

Metrics

Comments

www.nldxb.njfu.edu.cn

Edited ＆ Published by Editorial Department of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Sciences Edition)
Address： No.159 Longpan Road,Nanjing 210037 Jiangsu,P.R.China
E-mail ：xuebao@njfu.edu.cn , xuebao@njfu.com.cn
Telephone +86-25-85428247,85427076
Distributed by China International Book Trading Corporation P.O. Box 399, Beijing ,P.R. China

峰谷点 peak-valley point	二项式拟合曲线方程 binomial fitting curve equation	R²	峰谷值 peak-valley value
A	Y=4×10^-7 X²-0.001 7 X+1.998 6	0.614 8	X=212 5	Y=0.15
B	Y=-3×10^-7 X²+0.001 7 X-1.838 6	0.709 9	X=235 0	Y=0.18
C	Y=9×10^-7 X²-0.005 1 X+7.086 9	0.745 2	X=283 3	Y=0.08
D	Y=-1×10^-6 X²+0.006 6 X-10.789 0	0.762 7	X=333 0	Y=0.26

植被类型 vegetation type	代表树种 representative species	海拔/m altitude		分布宽度/m distribution width
植被类型 vegetation type	代表树种 representative species	下界 lower bound	上界 upper bound	分布宽度/m distribution width
常绿阔叶林 evergreen broad-leaved forest	栓皮栎、锐齿栎 Quercus variabilis,Q. aliena	1 509(研究区下界)	1 919	410
针阔混交林 mixed coniferous-broad forest	华山松、油松、锐齿栎 Pinus armandii,P. tabuliformis,Q. aliena	1 919	2 331	412
落叶阔叶林 deciduous broad-leaved forest	红桦 Betula albosinensis	2 115	2 585	470
常绿针叶林 evergreen coniferous forest	巴山冷杉 Abies fabri	2 516	3 150	636
落叶针叶林 deciduous-coniferous forest	太白红杉 Larix potaninii	3 109	3 481	442
灌丛草甸 scrub meadow	高山杜鹃 Rhododendron lapponicum	3 481	3 740(研究区上界)	189

植被类型 vegetation type	垂直带海拔/m elevation of the vertical zone
植被类型 vegetation type	下界 lower bound	上界 upper bound	平均高度 mean height
栎林 oak forest	1 509	2 302	2 028
桦林 birch forest	1 960	2 631	2 469
冷杉林 Abies chensiensis forest	2 353	3 113	2 791
太白红杉林 Larix potaninii forest	2 829	3 560	3 224
灌丛草甸 scrub meadow	3 162	3 728	3 373

A quantitative divided method for the vegetation vertical belt based on NDVI and DEM: a case study of Taibai Mountain on the south slope

RichHTML

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 8

References 29

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

Author

Reader

Reviewer