Spatial distribution of bamboo, the staple food of giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) in Mabian Dafengding Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202302028

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (1): 187-193.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202302028

Previous Articles Next Articles

Spatial distribution of bamboo, the staple food of giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) in Mabian Dafengding Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province

YIN Huakang¹(), ZHANG Jindong¹^,^*(), HUANG Jinyan², PU Guanhua¹, MAO Ze’en³, ZHOU Caiquan¹, HUANG Yaohua⁴, FU Liqiang⁴

1. Key Laboratory of Southwest Wildlife Resources Protection, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China
2. China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda, Dujiangyan 611830, China
3. Mabian Yi Autonomous County Forestry Bureau, Mabian 614600, China
4. Sichuan Mabian Dafengding National Nature Reserve Conservation Center, Leshan 614600, China

Received:2023-02-18 Revised:2023-07-24 Online:2025-01-30 Published:2025-01-21
Contact: ZHANG Jindong E-mail:3013330985@qq.com;zhangjd224@cwnu.edu.cn

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】This study aims to elucidate the spatial distribution of bamboo, the staple food of giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), in Mabian Dafengding Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province, China, and provide a scientific reference for restoring the habitats of giant panda and formulating plans for the construction of an ecological corridor.【Method】A total of 103 transects and 1 600 quadrats were established in Mabian Dafengding Nature Reserve from May to October 2022 for investigating the area of distribution, vertical distribution range, coverage, density, basal diameter, and height of the different species of bamboo. The forest habitat and extent of anthropogenic disturbance were additionally surveyed for each species of bamboo. The distribution of bamboo coverage, density, basal diameter, height, livestock grazing, and collection of bamboo shoots were analyzed using the Kriging interpolation method. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine whether there were significant differences among the growth indices of the different species of bamboo. 【Result】There were 11 species of bamboo in the reserve that served as the staple food of giant panda, including Chimonobambusa szechuanensis, C. quadrangularis, C. tumidissinoda, C. macrophylla, C. rigidula, Yushania leiboensis, Y. maculata, Y. mabianensis, Y. ailuropodina, Y. dafengdingensis and Arundinaria faberi. A. faberi had the largest area of distribution (140.44 km²), followed by C. szechuanensis (55.78 km²), and Y. dafengdingensis (51.88 km²). There were obvious differences in the vertical distribution characteristics of the different species of bamboo, which were the following ascending order: C. quadrangularis (956-2 081 m), Y. leiboensis (1 499-1 732 m), C. szechuanensis (1 153-2 463 m), C. tumidissinoda (1 360-2 531 m), Q. rigidula (1 555-2 535 m), Y. maculate (1 601-2 573 m), C. macrophylla (1 991-2 861 m), Y. mabianensis (2 306-2 480 m), Y. dafengdingensis (2 250-2 920 m), Y. ailuropodina (2 680-2 755 m), and A. faberi (1 901-3 665 m). The canopy cover of Y. mabianensis and Q. macrophylla, and the density of Q. macrophylla and B. faberi were higher than those of the other species. The culm diameters of C. quadrangularis and Q. rigidula, and the culm heights of Q. rigidula, C. quadrangularis and C. szechuanensis were greater than those of the other species. Anthropogenic disturbance due to livestock grazing and the collection of bamboo shoots was evident in the bamboo forests. 【Conclusion】 Bamboo, the staple food of giant pandas, was abundantly and continually distributed in the Mabian Dafengding Nature Reserve, with a distinct vertical distribution pattern that can satisfy the dietary needs of giant pandas. However, long-term anthropogenic disturbance due to livestock grazing and the collection of bamboo shoots can severely affected the consumption of bamboo by giant pandas. It is therefore crucial to implement appropriate measures for the management of bamboo forests in Mabian Dafengding Nature Reserve.

Key words: giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca), staple food bamboos, spatial distribution, anthropogenic disturbance, Mabian Dafengding Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province

CLC Number:

S718
Q948.1

YIN Huakang, ZHANG Jindong, HUANG Jinyan, PU Guanhua, MAO Ze’en, ZHOU Caiquan, HUANG Yaohua, FU Liqiang. Spatial distribution of bamboo, the staple food of giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) in Mabian Dafengding Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2025, 49(1): 187-193.

Figures/Tables 5

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Table 1

Growth target of staple food bamboos of giant panda in Mabian Dafengding Nature Reserve"

竹种 bamboo species	发笋月份 bamboo shoot emergence month	竹林盖度/% bamboo coverage	竹子密度/ (株· $m - 2$ ) bamboo density	平均基径/mm average base diameter	平均高度/cm average height
八月竹 C. szechuanensis	9月下旬—10月中旬	52.46±26.43 bc	11.68±5.19 c	15.37±5.83 ab	313.32±115.15 abc
斑壳玉山竹 Y. maculata	5月下旬—7月上旬	53.70±29.19 bc	14.35±7.88 bc	9.11±2.56 d	248.23±65.62 cd
大风顶玉山竹Y. dafengdingensis	5月下旬—7月上旬	47.13±23.02 c	15.04±7.02 bc	12.29±3.30 bc	192.26±57.77 de
大叶筇竹 C. macrophylla	4月上旬—5月下旬	70.78±19.99 ab	20.53±10.22 ab	12.51±3.66 bc	259.99±71.23 bcd
方竹 C. quadrangularis	9月下旬—10月下旬	48.06±26.81 c	12.08±7.88 c	17.65±7.07 a	348.29±132.43 a
雷波玉山竹Y. leiboensis	5月	11.00±6.52 d	12.40±9.32 c	5.61±0.98 e	165.30±53.07 ef
冷箭竹 A. faberi	3月下旬—6月	49.26±26.60 c	20.48±11.11 ab	6.57±2.52 de	116.08±70.26 f
马边玉山竹 Y. mabianensis	9月	78.75±14.36 a	18.25±6.70 a	9.37±1.91 cd	160.63±20.76 ef
筇竹 C. rigidula	4月下旬—5月中旬	61.70±14.97 abc	16.68±7.14 abc	14.49±4.84 ab	286.13±107.82 abc
实竹子 C. rigidula	9月	54.37±25.53 bc	14.56±8.66 bc	17.08±6.62 a	351.53±141.11 a
熊竹Y. ailuropodina	6月中下旬	59.29±19.67 bc	14.88±6.36 bc	14.34±3.99 ab	303.88±98.70 ab

Table 1

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

References 24

[1]	ZHANG Z J, WEI F W, LI M, et al. Microhabitat separation during winter among sympatric giant pandas, red pandas, and tufted deer: the effects of diet, body size, and energy metabolism[J]. Can J Zool, 2004, 82(9): 1451-1458. DOI: 10.1139/z04-129.
[2]	胡锦矗, 夏勒. 卧龙的大熊猫[M]. 成都: 四川科学技术出版社, 1985.
	HU J C, XIA L. Wolong’s giant panda[M]. Chengdu: Sichuan Scientific & Technical Publishers, 1985.
[3]	周世强, 黄金燕. 大熊猫主食竹种的研究与进展[J]. 世界竹藤通讯, 2005, 3(1): 1-6.
	ZHOU S Q, HUANG J Y. Research into bamboo species as giant panda’s main diet and its progress[J]. World Bamboo Rattan, 2005, 3(1): 1-6. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-0431.2005.01.001.
[4]	史军义, 陈其兵, 黄金燕, 等. 大熊猫主食竹的生物多样性及其重要价值[J]. 世界竹藤通讯, 2020, 18(5): 10-19.
	SHI J Y, CHEN Q B, HUANG J Y, et al. Biodiversity of the staple food bamboos of giant panda and its important value[J]. World Bamboo Rattan, 2020, 18(5): 10-19. DOI:10.12168/sjzttx.2020.05.002.
[5]	唐小平, 贾建生, 王志臣, 等. 全国第四次大熊猫调查方案设计及主要结果分析[J]. 林业资源管理, 2015(1): 11-16.
	TANG X P, JIA J S, WANG Z C, et al. Scheme design and main result analysis of the fouth national survey on giant pandas[J]. For Resour Manag, 2015(1): 11-16. DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2015.01.002.
[6]	四川省林业厅. 四川的大熊猫: 四川省第四次大熊猫调查报告[M]. 成都: 四川科学技术出版社, 2015.
	Sichuan Forestry Administration. The pandas of Sichuan[M]. Chengdu: Sichuan Scientific & Technical Publishers, 2015.
[7]	胡锦矗, 韦毅, 周昂. 马边大风顶自然保护区大熊猫觅食行为与营养对策[J]. 四川师范学院学报(自然科学版), 1994, 15(1): 44-51.
	HU J C, WEI Y, ZHOU A. Giant panda’s looking-for food behaviour and the nutrition strategy[J]. J Sichuan Teach Coll (Nat Sci), 1994, 15(1): 44-51. DOI: 10.16246/j.issn.1673-5072.1994.01.007.
[8]	魏辅文, 周才权, 胡锦矗, 等. 马边大风顶自然保护区大熊猫对竹类资源的选择利用[J]. 兽类学报, 1996, 16(3): 171-175.
	WEI F W, ZHOU C Q, HU J C, et al. Giant panda’s selection for bamboo resources in Mabian Dafengding Reserve[J]. Acta Theriol Sin, 1996, 16(3): 171-175. DOI: 10.16829/j.slxb.1996.03.003.
[9]	易同培, 蒋学礼. 大熊猫主食竹种及其生物多样性[J]. 四川林业科技, 2010, 31(4): 1-20.
	YI T P, JIANG X L. Staple food bamboo species of the giant panda and their biodiversity[J]. J Sichuan For Sci Technol, 2010, 31(4): 1-20. DOI: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2010.04.001.
[10]	黄耀华, 侯金, 吴沛桦, 等. 马边大风顶国家级自然保护区物种多样性新记录[J]. 四川林业科技, 2019, 40(1): 61-65.
	HUANG Y H, HOU J, WU P H, et al. New records of biodiversity in Mabian Dafengding Nature Reserve[J]. J Sichuan For Sci Technol, 2019, 40(1): 61-65. DOI: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.01.014.
[11]	吴灵芝, 曲别曲日, 蒋平, 等. 四川马边大风顶自然保护区周边社区对当地自然保护的影响[J]. 四川动物, 2007, 26(4): 881-883.
	WU L Z, QUBIE Q R, JIANG P, et al. Impacts of peripheral communities of Dafengding Nature Reserve in Mabian on local natural conservation[J]. Sichuan J Zool, 2007, 26(4): 881-883. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7083.2007.04.036.
[12]	付励强, 立言伍叶, 程鲲. 四川马边大风顶国家级自然保护区社区生态扶贫策略探析[J]. 四川林业科技, 2018, 39(4): 115-120.
	FU L Q, LIYAN W Y, CHENG K. Strategies of ecological poverty alleviation in Dafengding National Nature Reserve community of Mabian, Sichuan[J]. J Sichuan For Sci Technol, 2018, 39(4): 115-120. DOI: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.04.028.
[13]	易同培, 史军义, 马丽莎. 中国竹类图志[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2008.
	YI T P, SHI J Y, MA L S. Iconographia bambusoidearum sinicarum[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2008.
[14]	周世强, 张和民, 李德生. 大熊猫觅食行为的栖息地管理策略[J]. 四川动物, 2010, 29(3): 340-345.
	ZHOU S Q, ZHANG H M, LI D S. Conservation and management strategies of habitats based on the foraging behavior of giant pandas[J]. Sichuan Zool, 2010, 29(3): 340-345.
[15]	ZHANG J D, HULL V, HUANG J Y, et al. Activity patterns of the giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)[J]. J Mammal, 2015, 96(6): 1116-1127. DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyv118.
[16]	LIU X H, WANG T J, WANG T, et al. How do two giant panda populations adapt to their habitats in the Qinling and Qionglai Mountains, China[J]. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2015, 22(2): 1175-1185. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3412-8.
[17]	HULL V, ZHANG J D, ZHOU S Q, et al. Space use by endangered giant pandas[J]. J Mammal, 2015, 96(1): 230-236. DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyu031.
[18]	胡锦矗, 王昌琼. 凉山山系大熊猫的食性研究[J]. 四川师范学院学报(自然科学版), 1993, 14(4): 290-295.
	HU J C, WANG C Q. Study on food habits of giant pandas in Liangshan Mountains[J]. J China West Norm Univ (Nat Sci), 1993, 14(4): 290-295. DOI: 10.16246/j.issn.1673-5072.1993.04.003.
[19]	李亚军, 蔡琼, 刘雪华, 等. 海拔对大熊猫主食竹结构、营养及大熊猫季节性分布的影响[J]. 兽类学报, 2016, 36(1): 24-35.
	LI Y J, CAI Q, LIU X H, et al. The effect of elevation on structure and nutrition of staple food bamboo and seasonal distribution of giant pandas[J]. Acta Theriol Sin, 2016, 36(1): 24-35. DOI: 10.16829/j.slxb.201601003.
[20]	杨荔钧, 钟雪, 晏婷婷, 等. 采笋对八月竹生长和大熊猫活动的影响研究[J]. 四川动物, 2016, 35(3): 321-326.
	YANG L J, ZHONG X, YAN T T, et al. Impacts of bamboo shoot-collecting on the growth of Chimonobambusa szechuanensis and giant Panda activities[J]. Sichuan J Zool, 2016, 35(3): 321-326. DOI: 10.11984/j.issn.1000-7083.20150409.
[21]	黄金燕, 刘巅, 张明春, 等. 放牧对卧龙大熊猫栖息地草本植物物种多样性与竹子生长影响[J]. 竹子学报, 2017, 36(2): 57-64.
	HUANG J Y, LIU D, ZHANG M C, et al. Grazing impacts on the herbaceous species diversity and bamboo growth in the giant panda habitat in Wolong National Natural Reserve[J]. J Bamboo Res, 2017, 36(2): 57-64. DOI: 10.19560/j.cnki.issn1000-6567.2017.02.009.
[22]	周世强, 张晋东, HULL V, 等. 野生大熊猫与放牧家畜采食竹子行为的比较[J]. 应用与环境生物学报, 2021, 27(5): 1203-1209.
	ZHOU S Q, ZHANG J D, HULL V, et al. Comparison of the bamboo-grazing behavior of giant pandas and livestock[J]. Chin J Appl Environ Biol, 2021, 27(5): 1203-1209. DOI: 10.19675/j.cnki.1006-687x.2020.08017.
[23]	HULL V, ZHANG J D, ZHOU S Q, et al. Impact of livestock on giant pandas and their habitat[J]. J Nat Conserv, 2014, 22(3): 256-264. DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2014.02.003.
[24]	WANG X, HUANG J Y, BAI W K, et al. Impact of livestock grazing on biodiversity and giant panda habitat[J]. The Journal of Wildlife Management, 2019, 83(7): 1592-1597. DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.21743.

Metrics

Comments

www.nldxb.njfu.edu.cn

Edited ＆ Published by Editorial Department of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Sciences Edition)
Address： No.159 Longpan Road,Nanjing 210037 Jiangsu,P.R.China
E-mail ：xuebao@njfu.edu.cn , xuebao@njfu.com.cn
Telephone +86-25-85428247,85427076
Distributed by China International Book Trading Corporation P.O. Box 399, Beijing ,P.R. China

Spatial distribution of bamboo, the staple food of giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) in Mabian Dafengding Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province

RichHTML

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 5

References 24

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

Author

Reader

Reviewer

[1]	TANG Xiaolan, CHEN Yalin, CHEN Qing, SONG Tianrui. Construction of natural landscape system in Jiangsu Province based on spatial distribution characteristics and ecological space identification [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2024, 48(5): 156-164.
[2]	REN Shichao, ZHANG Yinlong, CAO Mingchang, LIU Wei, QIAO Shufan, ZHU Xiaojing, LUO Kangning. The bird diversity spatial and temporal distribution patterns and its hotspot areas identification in Chengdu City [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2024, 48(5): 189-196.
[3]	XUE Mingyu, HAO Dejun, ZHAO Xudong, GENG Yishu, HU Tianyi, XIE Chunxia. Effects of extreme climate on the distribution and potential habitat of Hyphantria cunea in China [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2024, 48(5): 197-203.
[4]	WU Yan, LI Ruonan, ZHAO Zhiqiang. A study on spatial distribution characteristics of national forest parks in Heilongjiang Province [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2023, 47(5): 189-196.
[5]	LI Jundong, ZHA Luhui, MA Guoqiang, XIAO Jianping, LI Yuwu, LI Xu. Bird diversity spatial distribution patterns of Xiaobaicaoling Mountain in Chuxiong, Yunnan Province [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2023, 47(2): 225-233.
[6]	YAN Xiongfei, CHENG Xinhui, HAO Zhe, WANG Tinghao, QIN Fulin, LI Gang. Spatial distribution patterns and sampling techniques of Dasineura jujubifolia larvae on facility jujube trees [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2022, 46(4): 201-208.
[7]	ZHANG Jianguo, GE Yang. Comparative study on spatial distributions and influencing factors of national forest cities and national garden cities [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2022, 46(3): 41-49.
[8]	GONG Maojia, WANG Juan, FU Xiaoyong, KOU Weili, LU Ning, WANG Qiuhua, LAI Hongyan. Suitable regions forecasting and environmental influencing factors of Malania oleifera in Yunnan and Guangxi [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2022, 46(2): 44-52.
[9]	DONG Lingbo, LIU Zhaogang. Forest health assessments and multi-scale conversion methods [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2021, 45(3): 206-216.
[10]	CUI Yang, DI Haiting, XING Yanqiu, CHANG Xiaoqing, SHAN Wei. Spatial and temporal distributions of forest fires in Heilongjiang Province from 2001 to 2018 based on MODIS data [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2021, 45(1): 205-211.
[11]	WANG Lei, LIU Qiang, YANG Junjie, LEI Yu, QI Tianfa. Home ranges of Asian openbill(Anastomus oscitans) determined using satellite tracking [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2020, 44(6): 33-38.
[12]	ZHANG Zhuoran, TANG Xiaolan. A study on environmental adaptability and characteristics of historical villages around the Taihu Lake area [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2020, 44(5): 17-24.
[13]	JI Yelin, SU Xiyou, YU Zhijun. Potential habitat prediction of Hyphantria cunea based on a random forest model in China [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2019, 43(6): 121-128.
[14]	LIU Kaizhou, CAO Xia, JU Yunwei, ZHAI Min, YAN Xiaoru, WANG Xiaoshi, ZHOU Jifeng. Spatial distribution pattern and sampling technique of Sphecodoptera sheni larvae on Carya illinoinensis [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2019, 43(03): 23-27.
[15]	SA Rula, ZHOU Qing, LIU Xinye, LI Jing, YU Hongzhou, DAI Haiyan, ZHANG Qiuliang, ZHANG Heng