Abstract: It is proposed for the first time a new idea of controlling desertification with cultivating and comprehensive utilization of resources of poisonous shrabs and herbs on desertified land. In the past, in both textbooks and practices of controlling desertification the poisonous shrabs and herbs were not chosen to be planted on the desertified land, moreover they were studied to be removed from the desertified land, because they could not be used directly for their toxicity. It is introduced the resources of poisonous shrabs and herbs on desertified land in China; their biology, ecology and sand_fixation mechanism and achievement of their comprehensive utilization and development. Research on the toxic compounds in the poisionous shrabs and herbs on desertified land and their comprehensive utilization and development have made the project of the poisionous shrabs and herbs a new and high beneficial industry on sandy desertified land. It has made desertification rehabilitation and development of local economy possible to form a good co_promotive relationship. This paper discusses significance and prospect of the new idea of controlling desertification and developing the economy in desertification area in China and the world.