Chemical compositions of oleoresin from Pinus yunnanensis Franch in different areas have been analyzed by GLC and MS; their distillating processes studied. Results of the investigation can be summarized as follows: The turpentine from P. yunnanensis Franch contains a high percentage of α-pinene (over 86%) and a low content (lower than 2%) of high boiling sesquiturpence. Total fractions of the turpentine come up to thestandard of light turpentine oil. The resin acids in the oleoresin from P. yunnanensis Franch include pimaric acid, sandaracopimaric acid, plustric acid, levopi-maric acid, isopimaric acid, dehydroabietic acid, abietic acid and neoabietic acid. The content of abietic-type resin acids reaches more than 70%. Appropriate processing conditions for distillating oleoresin are: temperature, 160-165°C; duration, about 52 minutos. Qualities of both the tosin and turpentine obtained thereupon are good, but the tosin shows a high crystallizing tendency.