Abstract: Translation initiation factor 1A is an important regulation factor for protein synthesis, which may involve in plant abiotic stress regulation. In order to study the stress tolerance of a translation initiation factor 1A(TheIF1A) from Tamarix hispida, the recombinant plasmid, named as pYES2-TheIF1A, was constructed by inserting the TheIF1A gene into the yeast expression vector pYES2. The plasmid pYES2-TheIF1A was transformed into the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the yeast transformed with empty pYES2 was employed as a control. The pYES2-TheIF1A and pYES2 recombinant yeast were respectively treated with sorbitol, H₂O₂, CdCl₂, CuSO₄, ZnCl₂, KCl, Na₂CO₃, MgCl₂, low temperature -20 ℃ and high temperature 53 ℃, respectively. Results showed that the yeast expressing TheIF1A had greater tolerant to salt, drought, heavy metals, and both low and high temperatures than the control, suggesting that TheIF1A gene might an important stress-regulating gene in T.hispida.