Numerical classification of 25 color-leafed Osmanthus fragrans clones (cultivars)

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.201911045

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 107-115.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.201911045

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Numerical classification of 25 color-leafed Osmanthus fragrans clones (cultivars)

FENG Yuanyuan(), LI Qingying^*(), HUANG Junhua, HU Shaoqing^*()

School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang Sci & Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China

Received:2019-11-22 Accepted:2020-03-05 Online:2021-01-30 Published:2021-02-01
Contact: LI Qingying,HU Shaoqing E-mail:15067148109@163.com;dongzeli06@163.com;13600512490@163.com

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 Numerical classification was carried out by observing the leaf and branch characteristics of Osmanthus fragrans cultivars. The results will provide a reference for their breeding and classification. 【Methods】 The morphological characteristics of 25 O. fragrans cultivars were observed in spring. Thirty-five leaf and branch characteristics were used for R-type clusters and a principal component analysis (PCA). After removing characteristics with a high correlation and low cumulative contribution, 35 characteristics were selected to conduct the classification of color-leafed O. fragrans colour cultivars with the Q-type cluster analysis. 【Results】 The R-type clusters showed that several variables (whether the leaf surface was wrinkled or not, whether the lateral veins were uplifted or not, petiole color, whether the new branches were dichromatic or not, the convex-concave degrees of the transverse section and the main vein of the leaves, and whether there were spotted blades on the mature leaves or not), were all significantly correlated with the color and color type at each stage of the leaves. All the other factors were relatively independent. The PCA showed that 11 principal components were extracted, their cumulative contribution was 87.618%. The cumulative contribution of the top nine principal components was 81.157%, mainly reflecting leaf colour representation in all stages, leaf size, serrated leaf margin, and leaf shape. The results of the Q-type cluster showed that the 25 O. fragrans cultivars were divided into the following: two categories based on the color of mature leaves; three categories based on average leaf width; and 10 categories according to the leaf width, the young leaf color type, leaf cross section, leaf shape, and leaf texture. 【Conclusion】 In general, the color of mature leaves, the cross section of the blade and the leaf width may be the most important criteria and the basis for the classification of color-leafed O. fragrans cultivars. However, this needs to be explored and verified.

Key words: color-leafed Osmanthus fragrans, cultivar, numerical classification, clustering analysis, principal component analysis

CLC Number:

S685.13
S718

FENG Yuanyuan, LI Qingying, HUANG Junhua, HU Shaoqing. Numerical classification of 25 color-leafed Osmanthus fragrans clones (cultivars)[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2021, 45(1): 107-115.

Figures/Tables 6

Table 1

Fig.1

Table 2

Characters and codes of color-leafed O. fragrans cultivars"

编号 No.	性状(代号) character(code)	性状类型 character type	详细编码情况(赋值) detailed coding (assignment)
1	叶长leaf length(LL)	多态	<6.5 cm(0);6.5~8.5 cm(1); 8.5~10.5 cm(2);>10.5 cm(3)
2	叶宽leaf width(LW)	多态	<2 cm(0);2~3 cm(1); 3~4 cm(2);>4 cm(3)
3	叶形指数leaf shape index(LSI)	数量
4	叶柄长petiole length(PL)	数量
5	侧脉对数lateral veins logarithmic(LVL)	多态	6~8对(0); 8~10对(1); >10对(2)
6	新枝颜色new branch color(NBC)	多态	黄色(1);黄褐色(2);红色(3);紫红色(4);紫色(5);黄色或黄绿色(6);黄绿色或黄褐色(7);黄绿色或红色(8);黄绿色或紫色(9)
7	幼叶颜色 young leaf color(YLC)	多态	黄色(1);黄褐色(2); 红色(3);紫红色(4);紫色(5); 黄色或黄褐色(6);黄色或红色(7);黄色或紫色(8);紫色+黄绿(9);黄+黄绿色或黄色(10):紫色+黄绿或紫色(11);紫色+黄绿色或黄色(12);紫色+黄绿色或黄色+黄绿色(13)
8	幼叶色彩类型color type of young leaves(CTOYL)	多态	单色纯色(0);双色纯色(1); 斑色(2);纯色+斑色(3);两种斑色(4)
9	展叶时间leaf expansion time(LET)	多态	2月中(0);2月末(1);3月初(2);3月中(3);3月末(4); 3月末(5)
10	叶色leaf color(LC)	多态	黄绿(1);黄色(2); 黄褐色(3); 红色(4); 紫色(5); 棕色(6);黄色或黄绿色(7); 紫色+黄绿色(8);紫色+黄绿色或黄色(9);紫色+黄绿色或黄色+黄绿色(10)
11	叶柄颜色petiole color(PC)	多态	黄绿(1);黄色(2);红色(3);紫色(4);棕色(5); 黄色或黄绿色(6);红色或黄绿色(7); 紫色或黄绿色(8)
12	叶色类型color type of young leaves(CTOYL)	多态	单色纯色(0);双色纯色(1); 斑色(2);纯色+斑色(3);两种斑色(4)
13	叶形leaf shape(LS)	多态	披针形(1); 椭圆状披针形(2);长椭圆形(3);倒卵状椭圆形(4);卵状椭圆形(5);椭圆形(6);卵形(7);卵圆形(8);不规则形(9)
14	叶片横切面cross section of blade(CSOB)	多态	一字形(0);U形(1);V形(2)
15	叶缘皱曲leaf margin curved wrinkle(LMCW)	多态	平直(1);向上(2);向下反曲(3);波状起伏(4)
16	锯齿部位sawtooth position(SP)	多态	全缘(0);上1/3或上1/2具齿(1);全锯齿(2)
17	锯齿深浅sawtooth depth(SD)	多态	全缘(0);有锯齿(1);深锯齿(2)
18	叶尖形状leaf opex shape (LOS)	多态	突尖(1);尖(2);渐尖(3);长渐尖(4);尾尖(5)
19	叶基形状leaf base shape(LBS)	多态	狭楔形(1);楔形(2);宽楔形(3); 圆形(4); 平截(5)
20	主脉凹凸度main pulse concavity(MPC)	多态	小(0);中等(1);大(2)
21	成熟叶叶色mature leaf color(MLC)	多态	绿色(1);墨绿色(2);斑色叶(3)
22	幼叶叶柄颜色与成型叶是否不同whether the petiole color of young leaves is consistent with that of formed leaves(PCOYL)	二态	是(1);无(0)
23	新枝是否双色whether the new branches were dichromatic or not(NBWDO)	二态	是(1);否(0)
24	叶片光泽度blade gloss(BG)	二态	油亮(1);不油亮(0)
25	叶片厚度blade thickness(BT)	二态	厚(1);薄(0)
26	叶片硬度blade hardness(BH)	二态	硬(1);软(0)
27	主脉颜色main vein color(MVC)	二态	紫红(1);黄绿(0)
28	侧脉颜色lateral veins color(LVC)	二态	紫红(1);黄绿(0)
29	侧脉是否隆起whether the lateral veins were uplifted or not(TLVWUO)	二态	是(1);否(0)
30	叶面是否皱缩whether the leaf surface was wrinkled or not(LSWWO)	二态	是(1);否(0)
31	叶尖是否反曲whether the opex of the leaf is inverted or not(OOTLI)	二态	是(1);否(0)
32	叶尖是否歪斜whether the opex of the leaf is askew or not(OOTLIA)	二态	是(1);否(0)
33	网脉是否明显whether the reticular vein is obvious or not(RVIOO)	二态	是(1);否(0)
34	叶型leaf type(LT)	二态	两型叶(1);一型叶(0)
35	成熟叶有无花斑whether the spotted blades is on the mature leaves or not(SBIO)	二态	有(1);无(0)

Table 2

Fig.2

Table 3

Latent root contributor ratios and accumulative contributor ratios of the principal component of 35 characters"

性状(代号) character (code)	主成分 principal component
性状(代号) character (code)	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11
叶长(LL)	-0.316	-0.446	0.132	-0.030	-0.063	0.377	0.090	0.289	0.381	-0.080	-0.025
叶宽(LW)	0.261	-0.697	0.465	-0.035	-0.194	0.192	0.125	0.027	0.291	-0.046	0.133
叶形指数(LSI)	-0.300	0.357	-0.454	0.050	0.132	0.182	-0.350	0.451	0.090	0.272	0.016
叶柄长(PL)	-0.114	-0.167	-0.038	-0.430	0.187	-0.421	-0.508	0.249	0.084	0.219	0.209
侧脉对数(LVL)	-0.288	0.606	-0.132	0.175	-0.414	-0.116	-0.047	0.019	0.403	-0.132	-0.047
新枝颜色(NBC)	0.017	0.263	0.699	-0.121	-0.221	-0.066	0.325	-0.128	-0.122	0.294	-0.064
幼叶颜色(YLC)	0.865	0.168	0.249	0.059	0.177	0.149	-0.039	0.125	0.053	-0.122	0.154
幼叶色彩类型(CTOYL)	0.875	0.260	0.116	0.044	0.194	0.080	-0.123	0.087	-0.033	-0.138	0.092
展叶时间(LET)	0.388	0.040	0.205	0.278	0.142	-0.274	-0.289	-0.146	0.458	-0.129	-0.255
叶色(LC)	0.838	-0.013	0.086	0.240	0.121	0.051	0.123	0.150	0.185	-0.175	0.205
叶柄颜色(PC)	0.928	0.197	0.038	0.133	0.118	0.036	-0.013	0.047	0.041	-0.143	0.010
叶色类型(CTOYL)	0.241	0.653	0.382	-0.213	-0.231	-0.017	0.149	0.167	-0.035	0.334	-0.001
叶形(LS)	0.475	-0.313	0.294	-0.130	-0.288	0.164	0.092	-0.133	-0.116	0.044	-0.319
叶片横切面(CSOB)	-0.465	0.457	0.453	0.334	0.311	0.068	0.107	0.111	0.120	0.044	0.115
叶缘皱曲(LMCW)	-0.401	0.317	0.543	-0.122	0.182	0.133	-0.020	-0.122	-0.084	-0.248	0.267
锯齿部位(SP)	-0.025	-0.511	0.226	0.589	0.278	0.069	-0.240	0.132	-0.062	0.270	-0.072
锯齿深浅(SD)	0.053	-0.733	0.267	-0.074	0.118	0.326	-0.020	0.162	-0.058	0.202	0.025
叶尖形状(LOS)	-0.310	0.106	0.325	0.264	0.471	-0.396	0.037	-0.149	0.323	0.155	-0.177
叶基形状(LBS)	-0.433	-0.068	0.088	-0.337	-0.099	0.284	0.034	-0.077	0.471	0.048	0.418
主脉凹凸度(MPC)	-0.613	0.485	0.444	0.292	0.175	0.040	0.069	0.009	-0.013	-0.054	0.021
成熟叶叶色(MLC)	0.885	0.034	-0.211	0.121	0.144	0.084	-0.113	0.033	-0.044	0.081	0.138
幼叶叶柄与成型叶颜色是否不同(PCOYL)	-0.028	-0.533	-0.086	-0.084	0.126	0.508	-0.079	-0.227	0.274	0.133	-0.335
新枝是否双色(NBWDO)	0.512	0.502	0.291	-0.295	-0.148	0.242	-0.013	0.099	0.031	0.423	-0.004
叶片光泽度(BG)	0.051	-0.007	-0.066	0.346	0.452	0.146	0.298	-0.480	-0.223	0.234	0.032
叶片厚度(BT)	0.258	-0.059	-0.295	0.129	-0.505	-0.432	0.509	0.106	0.172	0.011	-0.096
叶片硬度(BH)	0.067	-0.348	0.224	0.609	-0.125	-0.432	0.162	0.192	0.123	0.260	0.115
主脉颜色(MVC)	0.023	-0.335	0.592	-0.107	0.129	-0.218	-0.015	0.282	-0.201	-0.451	-0.152
侧脉颜色(LVC)	0.031	-0.537	0.191	-0.096	-0.135	-0.343	0.063	0.549	-0.205	0.088	0.066
侧脉是否隆起(LVWUO)	-0.236	0.063	0.046	0.663	-0.517	0.298	-0.278	0.064	-0.154	-0.043	0.057
叶面是否皱缩(LSWWO)	-0.236	0.063	0.046	0.663	-0.517	0.298	-0.278	0.064	-0.154	-0.043	0.057
叶尖是否反曲(OOTLI)	-0.305	0.258	-0.294	0.094	0.409	0.152	0.288	0.543	0.079	-0.009	-0.287
叶尖是否歪斜(OOTLIA)	-0.183	0.127	-0.247	0.056	0.205	0.342	0.702	0.380	-0.080	-0.115	0.018
网脉是否明显(RVIOO)	0.092	-0.436	-0.388	0.253	0.054	-0.163	0.417	-0.253	0.077	0.089	0.373
叶型(LT)	0.786	0.285	0.053	-0.034	-0.186	0.140	0.116	0.041	0.213	0.045	-0.139
成熟叶有无花斑(SBIO)	0.899	0.116	-0.238	0.179	0.150	0.015	-0.109	0.040	-0.048	0.069	0.035
特征根characteristic root	7.700	4.743	3.266	2.828	2.424	2.162	2.062	1.817	1.410	1.224	1.037
贡献率/% contribution rate	22.000	13.527	9.333	8.080	6.927	6.178	5.891	5.192	4.029	3.497	2.963
累积贡献率/% cumulative contribution	22.000	35.527	44.859	52.939	69.867	66.045	71.936	77.128	81.157	84.655	87.618

Table 3

Fig.3

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编号 No.	品种名 cultivars name	原产地 origin	编号 No.	品种名 cultivars name	原产地 origin
1	‘罗彩1号’(‘Luocai 1’)	广西桂林	14	‘闽彩12’(‘Mincai 12’)	福建漳州
2	‘罗彩2号’(‘Luocai 2’)	广西桂林	15	‘闽彩13’(‘Mincai 13’)	福建漳州
3	‘罗彩16号’(‘Luocai 16’)	广西桂林	16	‘闽台桂魁’(‘Mintai Guikui’)	福建漳州
4	‘罗彩17号’(‘Luocai 17’)	广西桂林	17	‘永福幻彩’(‘Yongfu Huancai’)	福建漳州
5	‘罗彩18号’(‘Luocai 18’)	广西桂林	18	‘闽彩25’ (‘Mincai 25’)	福建漳州
6	‘罗彩19号’(‘Luocai 19’)	广西桂林	19	‘永福绚彩’(‘Yongfu Xuancai’)	福建漳州
7	‘永福金彩’(‘Yongfu Jincai’)	福建漳州	20	‘闽彩28’ (‘Mincai 28’)	福建漳州
8	‘永福紫绚’(‘Yongfu Zixuan’)	福建漳州	21	‘云田彩桂’(‘Yuntain Caigui’)	湖南株洲
9	‘朝阳金钻’(‘Chaoyang Jinzuan’)	福建漳州	22	‘银碧双辉’(‘Yinbi Shuanghui’)	湖南株洲
10	‘闽农桂冠’(‘Minnong Guiguan’)	福建漳州	23	‘彩虹’(‘Caihong’)	湖南株洲
11	‘永福粉彩’(‘Yongfu Fencai’)	福建漳州	24	‘虔南桂妃’(‘Qiannan Guifei’)	重庆垫江
12	‘永福彩霞’(‘Yongfu Caixia’)	福建漳州	25	‘金玉桂花’(‘Jinyu Guihua’)	浙江杭州
13	‘闽彩10’(‘Mincai 10’)	福建漳州

Numerical classification of 25 color-leafed Osmanthus fragrans clones (cultivars)

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