Effects of spatial design and microclimate on human thermal comfort in the region south of the Yangtze River: a case study of old street in Gaochun, Nanjing

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.201912017

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 219-226.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.201912017

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Effects of spatial design and microclimate on human thermal comfort in the region south of the Yangtze River: a case study of old street in Gaochun, Nanjing

XIONG Yao(), YAN Yan

College of Art and Design,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China

Received:2019-12-12 Accepted:2020-03-06 Online:2021-01-30 Published:2021-02-01

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the physiological equivalent temperature (PET) and microclimate factors to explore the human thermal comfort in different spatial patterns, and put forward an optimization strategy. 【Method】 Four types of architectural textures (courtyard space, neighborhood space, determinant space and single-family space) were extracted according to the site layout in the Gaochun District, Nanjing City. The spatial properties were divided into three types: open space, semi-open space and closed space. Meteorological factors such as air temperature, relative humidity and instantaneous wind speed, and the sky view factor in different spaces were measured. A questionnaire was used to analyze the human thermal comfort at different times in different spaces. The measured values were introduced into RayMan model, and the PET was calculated. Combined with data from a physiological equivalent thermometer in the Nanjing area, different levels of sensory and physiological stress were obtained. 【Result】 The correlation between PET and microclimate factors was analyzed, and the correlation between the microclimate factors and human thermal comfort was explored. The correlation between air temperature and TPE was the highest, followed by relative humidity, and the instantaneous wind speed was the lowest. The determinant space and single-family space (semi-open) performed well, and the courtyard space and neighborhood space (closed) performed the worst. 【Conclusion】 In view of the above analysis, the following four optimization strategies are proposed: determine the location and geometric type of street conducive to ventilation, determine the appropriate aspect ratio, optimize the building skin, and increase the green area. The correlation analysis of PET and microclimate factors can objectively reflect the thermal comfort of the human body. This research method can provide a scientific evaluation of human body comfort under the influence of different historical block spatial patterns, and put forward a more suitable optimization strategy for the human thermal comfort.

Key words: historic district, thermal comfort of human body, physiological equivalent temperature(PET), microclimate, Gaochun District, Nanjing City

CLC Number:

TU986

XIONG Yao, YAN Yan. Effects of spatial design and microclimate on human thermal comfort in the region south of the Yangtze River: a case study of old street in Gaochun, Nanjing[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2021, 45(1): 219-226.

Figures/Tables 9

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References 18

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测点 points	测点名称 points name	现状描述 current situation description	空间肌理 spatial texture
1	北入口	场地内无水,有4棵小乔木,下垫面为砖石铺地,东南方向有建筑物遮挡,西南方向与马路相连	街坊式
2	南出口	场地内无水,有1棵大乔木,四周为开阔场地,北面有建筑,西南面与马路相连,下垫面为砖石铺地	街坊式
3	吴氏宗祠	场地内建筑围合,场地内有高大枇杷树,有水池,下垫面为砖石铺地	庭院式
4	民间艺术馆	场地内建筑围合,无水,有2棵小乔木,下垫面为仿古砖铺地	庭院式
5	关帝庙	场地内建筑围合,有1棵大乔木,无水,下垫面为砖石铺地	庭院式
6	傅家巷	街道为东北-西南走向,场地内无水、无植物。东西两侧建筑层高4.5 m,街道宽2 m,下垫面为砖石铺地	行列式
7	河滨街	街道为西北-东南走向,场地内无植物和水,下垫面砖石铺地,宽度为5.5 m,建筑层高6 m	行列式
8	主街	街道为西北-东南走向,场地内有些许植物,无水,街道宽4.5 m,南北走向建筑层高约9.5 m,下垫面为砖石铺地	行列式
9	照相馆	场地内无水,有1棵大乔木,西面有建筑遮挡,下垫面砖石铺地	独栋式
10	仓巷入口	北面有建筑物遮挡,场地内无水、无植物,下垫面仿古砖铺地	独栋式

测点 points	鱼眼成像 fisheye imaging	测点位置 point site	空间高宽比 space aspect ratio	测点 points	鱼眼成像 fisheye imaging	测点位置 point site	空间高宽比 space aspect ratio
1				6
2				7
3				8
4				9
5				10

生理等效温度/℃ PET
<4	很冷	极端冷应激反应
≥4~8	冷	强烈冷应激反应
≥8~13	凉	中等冷应激反应
≥13~18	微凉	轻微冷应激反应
≥18~23	舒适	无热应激反应
≥23~29	微暖	轻微热应激反应
≥29~35	暖	中等热应激反应
≥35~41	热	强烈热应激反应
≥41	很热	极端热应激反应

测点 point	空气温度-PET air temperature-PET		相对湿度-PET relative humidity-PET		瞬时风速-PET instantaneous wind speed-PET
测点 point	拟合方程 fitting equation	R²	拟合方程 fitting equation	R²	拟合方程 fitting equation	R²
1	y=1.467 7x-8.087 4	0.963 4	y=-0.492 6x+69.440	0.761 0	y=-0.048 4x+42.897	1.00E-05
2	y=1.204 6x+ 0.634 8	0.972 6	y=-0.273 3x+56.433	0.674 1	y=-0.608 2x+41.959	0.000 7
3	y=1.213 0x+0.189 0	0.987 5	y=-0.562 2x+74.535	0.890 6	y=1.321 4x+42.650	0.002 3
4	y=1.183 6x+1.260 6	0.957 3	y=-0.732 1x+81.558	0.777 2	y=4.814 6x+41.700	0.101 1
5	y=1.119 2x+3.759 9	0.935 7	y=-0.423 9x+65.277	0.793 9	y=10.486 0x+41.765	0.194 8
6	y=1.248 6x -1.014 6	0.981 9	y=-0.746 2x+80.816	0.800 2	y=34.665 0x+41.774	0.112 6
7	y=1.300 8x-2.860 7	0.971 4	y=-1.183 4x+102.900	0.847 4	y=-11.169 0x+43.271	0.206 9
8	y=1.250 3x-1.320 9	0.934 7	y=-1.052 9x+96.960	0.837 8	y=-5.020 9x + 43.110	0.018 1
9	y=1.250 0x-1.035 1	0.954 3	y=-1.387 5x+113.670	0.881 9	y= 4.654 5x + 41.695	0.114 7
10	y=1.127 2x+3.453 1	0.998 4	y=-0.741 5x+80.374	0.680 1	y=-1.556 7x + 42.426	0.004 2
气象数据 meteorological data	y= 1.103 8x+3.987 3	0.947 8	y=-0.157 8x+49.850	0.871 3	y=0.276 1x+40.988	0.010 4

Effects of spatial design and microclimate on human thermal comfort in the region south of the Yangtze River: a case study of old street in Gaochun, Nanjing

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