Characteristics of MIXTA/MIXTA-like genes and their functions in regulating plant epidermal cells differentiation

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202102008

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 229-237.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202102008

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Characteristics of MIXTA/MIXTA-like genes and their functions in regulating plant epidermal cells differentiation

ZHOU Fangwei(), WU Huaitong, YIN Tongming^*()

Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Efficient Cultivation of Jiangsu Province, Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

Received:2021-02-03 Accepted:2021-03-22 Online:2021-07-30 Published:2021-07-30
Contact: YIN Tongming E-mail:2540282810@qq.com;tmyin@njfu.com.cn

Abstract

Abstract:

Plant epidermal cells are the outermost cells that directly interact with ambient conditions. According to their functional roles, epidermal cells differentiate into a variety of specialized cell structures, which participate in activities such as plant defense, evaporation reduction, pollinator attraction, seed dispersal, and the synthesis and storage of se-condary metabolites. MIXTA/MIXTA-like genes have been identified as key regulators of epidermal cell differentiation in many plants. These genes may function in different tissues (e.g., petals, leaves, ovules and ovaries) in different plants by regulating the differentiation of epidermal cells. They also play essential roles in trichome formation, cuticle biosynthesis, conical epidermal cell differentiation, and in initializing seed hair development. Among which, trichome development is a hot research topic because of its functional role. For instance, leaf indumentum is deemed as an important morphological feature in the defense against phytophagous insects, and seed hairs dispersed from poplars, willows and chinars are all differentiated from epidermal cells during seed maturation; whereas artemisinin is synthesized and stored in the glandular hairs of Artemisia annua. Here, we review and summarize the characteristics of MIXTA/MIXTA-like genes, as well as their biological functions in regulating epidermal cell differentiation. This paper provides essential information for facilitating studies on the molecular mechanisms underlying epidermal cell differentiation and for accelerating the breeding program of traits related to epidermal cell differentiation.

Key words: plant epidermal cells, cuticle, conical epidermal cell, trichome, MIXTA/MIXTA-like genes

CLC Number:

ZHOU Fangwei, WU Huaitong, YIN Tongming. Characteristics of MIXTA/MIXTA-like genes and their functions in regulating plant epidermal cells differentiation[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2021, 45(4): 229-237.

Figures/Tables 2

Fig.1

Table 1

Studies on function of MIXTA/MIXTA-like genes in different plants"

基因名称gene name	物种species	功能function
AaMIXTA1	黄花蒿Artemisia annua	调节腺毛起始和角质层生物合成^[71]
AmMIXTA	金鱼草Antirrhinum majus	表皮细胞锥形化的正调节因子^[8]
AmMYBML1	金鱼草	调节表皮细胞锥形化和毛状体发育^[23]
AmMYBML2	金鱼草	调节表皮细胞锥形化和毛状体发育^[36]
AmMYBML3	金鱼草	调节表皮细胞锥形化^[10]
AtMYB16	拟南芥Arabidopsis thaliana	调节角质层和表皮蜡质的合成^[36]
AtMYB106	拟南芥	调节角质层和表皮蜡质合成^[69],负调控表皮毛分支^[38]
AtMYB17	拟南芥	与花分生组织发育相关,功能尚不明确^[82]
CsMYB6	黄瓜Cucumis sativus	调控表皮毛及果刺发育^[43]
DcMYBML1	鸽石斛Dendrobium crumenatum	调控毛状体发育^[69]
EgMIXTA1	洋桔梗Eustoma grandiflorum	参与调控表皮蜡合成^[40]
GhMYB25-like(GhMML3)	陆地棉Gossypium hirsuta	调控棉花短绒的起始发育^[79]
GhMML4	陆地棉	调控棉花长纤维的起始发育^[81]
GhMYB25(GhMML7)	陆地棉	与棉纤维起始发育相关^[77]
GhMML10	陆地棉	调控花瓣表皮毛发育,进而影响花蕾形状^[83]
LjMYB1	百脉根Lotus japonicus	参与调控表皮细胞锥形化^[84]
LjMYB2	百脉根 L. japonicus	参与调控表皮细胞锥形化^[84]
MlMYBML7	猴面花Mimulus lewisii	参与调控猴面花中的花蜜向导形成,同时还促进类胡萝卜素色素沉积^[39]
MgMIXTA-like8	多斑猴面花Mimulus guttatus	调控毛状体发育^[85]
MpSBG9	地钱Marchantia polymorpha	调控角质层生物合成^[42]
MtMYBML3	蒺藜苜蓿Medicago truncatula	调控毛状体发育^[69]
PhMYB1	矮牵牛Petunia hybrida	调控表皮细胞发育^[36]
PtrMYB186	毛果杨Populus trichocarpa	调控表皮毛发育^[86]
SlMIXTA-like	番茄Solanum lycopersicum	调控果实表皮锥形细胞发育,促进角质层生物合成^[41]
TtMYBML2	唐松草属Thalictrum	调控锥形表皮细胞形成^[46]

Table 1

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Characteristics of MIXTA/MIXTA-like genes and their functions in regulating plant epidermal cells differentiation

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