【Objective】 In order to investigate the plant diversity and to supplement the new data of vascular plants flora in Jiulian Mountain, a typical region of the subtropical forest ecosystem in eastern China.【Method】 Taking Jiulian Mountain in the eastern section of Nanling Mountain as the research area, the plant flora was analyzed through plant photography, specimen collections, references to relevant literature and data, and their geographical flora and endangered status were discussed.【Result】 Compared with previous records,ten newly recorded vascular plant species (including two varieties) to Jiangxi Province were reported,viz. Polystichum gymnocarpium Ching ex W. M. Chu & Z. R. He, Lemmaphyllum microphyllum var. obovatum (Harr.) C. Chr., Abrodictyum obscurum var. siamense (Christ) K. Iwats., Dendrobium spatella Rchb.f., Schoenorchis tixieri (Guillaumin) Seidenf., Pteris amoena Blume, Dryopteris simasakii (H. Itô) Kurata, Cyclosorus molliusculus (Wall. ex Kuhn) Ching, Pityrogramma calomelanos (L.) Link, Staurogyne chapaensis Benoist; four newly recorded vascular plant genera to Jiangxi Province were reported,viz. Abrodictyum C. Presl, Schoenorchis Blume, Staurogyne Wall. and Pityrogramma Link. 【Conclusion】These four newly recorded genera in Jiangxi Province had important reference significance for the study of the origin and dispersal mechanism of these genera. Abrodictyum obscurum var. siamense (Christ) K. Iwats. and Dendrobium spatella Rcho.f. were listed as near threatened species (NT) and vulnerable species (VU) respectively in “China Red List of Biodiversity-Higher Plants Volume”. Dendrobium spatella Rcho.f. was also listed as national second level key protected wild plants. It is suggested that local management should strengthen the protection of these rare and endangered plants. These new records further complements its geographical distribution in China, and further enriches the vascular plant diversity in Jiangxi Province.