Evaluation of soil conservation benefit of the Natural Forest Protection Project in Qinghai Province

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202201014

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (5): 181-188.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202201014

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Evaluation of soil conservation benefit of the Natural Forest Protection Project in Qinghai Province

LIANG Zi’ao¹(), WANG Xiangfu²^,^*(), WANG Weifeng¹^,^*(), YAN Ke¹, LI Yuanhui², DONG Wenting², WANG Rongnü²

1. College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
2. Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Ecological Hydrology and Disaster Prevention in Arid Regions, Northwest Surveying and Planning Institute,National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Xi’an 710048, China

Received:2022-01-10 Revised:2023-03-30 Online:2023-09-30 Published:2023-10-10

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】This study evaluated the soil conservation and spatial distribution characteristics of the Natural Forest Protection Project in Qinghai Province over the past 20 years, to understand the ecological and environmental protection status of this area, and provide a theoretical reference for the promotion of local ecological construction and economic development.【Method】Based on the universal soil loss equation (USLE) model, combined with land use data, terrain data, multi-year climate data, and soil data, the soil conservation of Qinghai Province was calculated and spatially analyzed through a GIS platform (ArcGIS 10.4) to verify the land use types, administrative districts, and topography factors during 2000-2020. Additionally, the benefits of soil conservation under the implementation of the Natural Forest Protection Project were evaluated. 【Result】(1) The grassland and bare land were the main land use types in Qinghai Province from 2000 to 2020. The implementation of the Natural Forest Protection Project, resulted in the expansion of land use as forests and a decrease in the bare land. The shrubland and grassland in the east were transformed into forests, which became the main sources of forest growth. (2) Under the implementation of the Natural Forest Protection Project, soil conservation increased by 4.950×10⁶ t. The amount of soil conservation was higher in the east and south, but lower in the northwest. (3) Different land use types had different soil conservation capacities and soil conservation per unit area was highest in the forests. The total amount of soil conservation in the shrublands increased the most over the 20 years. (4) The amount of soil conservation in Haidong, Xining and Huangnan increased the most during 2000-2020. (5) In terms of altitude and slope, the soil conservation per unit area was highest at an altitude gradient of 1 667-2 600 m and steeper slopes (15°-25°). 【Conclusion】The implementation of the Natural Forest Protection Project has prominently enhanced the soil conservation function in the Qinghai Province and the expansion of shrubs and forests further contribute to soil conservation. Thus, land areas at an altitude of 1 667-2 600 m and steep slopes (15°-25°) should be protected in the future.

Key words: soil conservation, universal soil loss equation (USLE), the Natural Forest Protection Project, land use, spatial feature

CLC Number:

S157
S718

LIANG Zi’ao, WANG Xiangfu, WANG Weifeng, YAN Ke, LI Yuanhui, DONG Wenting, WANG Rongnü. Evaluation of soil conservation benefit of the Natural Forest Protection Project in Qinghai Province[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2023, 47(5): 181-188.

Figures/Tables 6

Table 1

Fig. 1

Table 2

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Table 3

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土地利用类型 land use type	植被覆盖及作物管理因子(C) vegetation cover and crop management factor	水土保持措施因子(P) soil and water conservation factor
耕地 crop land	0.400	0.500
乔木林地 forests land	0.005	0.200
灌木林地 shrubland	0.010	0.200
疏林地 sparse wood	0.003	0.200
草地 grassland	0.010	0.200
水体 water area	0	0
冰川及永久雪地 glaciers and permanent snow land	0.001	0.001
建设用地 construction land	0.001	0.001
裸地 bare land	0.250	0.010
荒漠化及沙化土地 desertified land	0.250	0.010
湿地 wetland	0.250	0.010

年份 year	土地类型 land use type	2020年
年份 year	土地类型 land use type	耕地 crop land	乔木林地 forest land	灌木林地 shrubland	草地 grassland	裸地 bare land	荒漠化及沙化土地 desertified land	总计 total
2000	耕地crop land	4 625.53	271.29	965.82	2 010.66	131.96	0.03	8 005.29
	乔木林地forests land	197.55	2 308.56	767.72	1 187.94	17.24	0.00	4 479.03
	灌木林地shrubland	262.55	1 103.92	18 928.67	13 932.31	1 035.01	21.28	35 283.74
	草地grassland	2 233.87	2 393.37	19 400.83	347 512.75	16 349.42	3 586.40	391 476.63
	裸地bare land	55.03	78.82	7 925.45	28 828.77	88 436.17	5 086.29	130 410.53
	荒漠化及沙化土地 desertified land	0.41	1.32	130.30	5 854.18	6 907.00	31 319.86	44 213.07
	总计total	7 374.94	6 157.29	48 118.80	399 326.61	112 876.80	40 013.87	613 868.30

地区 district	面积/ km² area	2000年		2020年
地区 district	面积/ km² area	单位面积土壤保持量/ (t·hm^-2) soil conservation	土壤保持量/ (×10⁸ t) soil conservation	单位面积土壤保持量/ (t·hm^-2) soil conservation	土壤保持量/ (×10⁸ t) soil conservation
果洛州Guoluo	73 846	75.17	5.55	75.10	5.55
海北州Haibei	33 817	127.38	4.31	127.59	4.31
海东市Haidong	12 858	285.01	3.66	288.37	3.71
海南州Hainan	43 440	89.08	3.87	89.04	3.87
海西州Haixi	300 744	23.09	6.94	23.10	6.95
黄南州Huangnan	18 119	111.86	2.03	112.65	2.04
西宁市Xining	7 603	195.50	1.49	197.54	1.50
玉树州Yushu	204 993	56.43	11.57	56.30	11.54

Evaluation of soil conservation benefit of the Natural Forest Protection Project in Qinghai Province

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