Regulation of LBD12 transcription factor on wood formation in Populus trichocarpa

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202301002

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (1): 29-38.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202301002

Special Issue: 基因编辑与分子设计育种专题

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Regulation of LBD12 transcription factor on wood formation in Populus trichocarpa

GAO Yuan¹(), SUN Jiatong², ZHOU Chenguang¹, CHIANG Vincent¹, LI Wei¹, LI Shuang¹^,^*()

1. State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
2. Liaoning Institute of Forest Management, Dandong 118000, China

Received:2023-01-03 Revised:2023-04-06 Online:2024-01-30 Published:2024-01-24
Contact: LI Shuang E-mail:1085798415@qq.com;shuangli@nefu.edu.cn

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The formation of wood, one of the most important raw materials for pulp and energy, depends on a complex and precise transcriptional regulation process in which transcription factors figure prominently. In Populus trichocarpa, PtrLBD12 (lateral organ boundaries domain 12) is a transcription factor lying downstream of PtrbHLH186, a key regulator of wood formation. Hence, PtrLBD12 was studied in depth here to investigate its function in tree growth and wood formation.【Method】 To determine the role of the PtrLBD12 transcription factor in the growth and wood formation of poplar trees, we analyzed its expression characteristics, generated PtrLBD12 overexpressing plants of P. trichocarpa, and assessed the growth and wood formation traits of transgenic plants. (1) Xylem, phloem, and terminal bud and leaf samples of wild-type P. trichocarpa plants, cultivated in a greenhouse, were collected to extract their respective RNA. Next, transcriptome sequencing was done to analyze the patterns of differentially expressed genes in those distinct tissues, as well as their expression levels of PtrLBD12. (2) To clarify the expression pattern of the PtrLBD12 protein, its subcellular localization was investigated by using the transient transformation system of stem-differentiating xylem protoplasts of P. trichocarpa. (3) To create PtrLBD12-overexpressing plants, the Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation system of P. trichocarpa was used, with transgenic plants identified at both the DNA and RNA level. (4) Plant stem height, ground (basal) stem diameter, number of stem nodes, and length of the 8th stem node of transgenic and wild-type plants were measured at 30, 60 and 90 days after planting. (5) The 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th stem segments of overexpressing and wild-type greenhouse plants cultivated for 4 months were paraffin-sectioned. Their stem characteristics were then respectively observed via Safranin O/Fast Green and Toluidine Blue staining. LAS X V2.0 software was used to calculate the number of vessel and fiber cells, as well as average lumen area of vessel. (6) The relative expression levels of 22 monolignol biosynthetic pathway genes in the PtrLBD12-overexpressing plants were determined by using quantitative PCR and applying the 2^△△Ct calculation.【Result】 (1) Transcriptome analysis of the xylem, phloem, and terminal bud and leaf tissues of P. trichocarpa revealed a higher expression level of PtrLBD12 in both the xylem and phloem. (2) Subcellular localization showed that PtrLBD12 was expressed in the nucleus, where transcription factors in general were found. (3) Three PtrLBD12 overexpressing transgenic lines of P. trichocarpa were obtained, whose relative expression levels were 40.91, 79.51 and 102.19. (4) Overexpressing PtrLBD12 adversely affected the normal growth and development of P. trichocarpa: plant height, ground stem diameter, number of stem nodes, and length of the 8th stem node all decreased significantly in transgenic plants vis-à-vis the wild type. (5) However, overexpression of PtrLBD12 did lead to significantly more vessel and fiber cells per unit of area in the stems of transgenic plants, but these vessels had smaller lumen area. Furthermore, the augmented expression of PtrLBD12 enhanced lignification of the plant stem. (6) Finally, PtrLBD12’s overexpression bolstered the expression levels of multiple genes in the monolignol biosynthetic pathway, namely PtrPAL1, PtrC4H1, PtrC4H2, PtrHCT6, PtrCSE, PtrCSE2, PtrCCoAOMT1, PtrCCoAOMT2, PtrCCoAOMT3, PtrCCR2 and PtrCAld5H1.【Conclusion】As the gene downstream of PtrbHLH186, a key regulator of wood formation in poplar, the LBD12 transcription factor is able to govern the expression of monolignol biosynthetic genes, change the mode of lignin deposition, alter the morphology of xylem cells, and thereby affect plant growth and development.

Key words: Populus trichocarpa, wood formation, genetic transformation, transcription factor, PtrLBD12

CLC Number:

GAO Yuan, SUN Jiatong, ZHOU Chenguang, CHIANG Vincent, LI Wei, LI Shuang. Regulation of LBD12 transcription factor on wood formation in Populus trichocarpa[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2024, 48(1): 29-38.

Figures/Tables 8

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引物名称 primer name	序列(5'-3') sequence	用途 application
PtrLBD12-F	CACCATGCGGATGAGTTGTAATGGAT	PtrLBD12基因克隆
PtrLBD12-R	TCAAGCTGCGTAGTCAAGTC	cloning of PtrLBD12
RT-PtrActin7-F	TGTTGCCCTTGACTATGAGCAGGA	检测PtrLBD12基因在不同组织的表达水平
RT-PtrActin7-R	ACGGAATCTCTCAGCTCCAATGGT	expression level detection of PtrLBD12 in different tissues
RT-PtrLBD12-F	ATGGTGGACGGTGAAAGCAA	检测PtrLBD12基因在不同组织的表达水平
RT-PtrLBD12-R	5CGGATCGGAACAGCAATGAA	expression level detection of PtrLBD12 gene in different tissues
pUC19-LBD12-F	CTAGTCTAGAATGCGGATGAGTTGTAATGGAT	pUC19-35S-PtrLBD12-GFP瞬时表达载体构建
pUC19-LBD12-R	CTAGCTCGAGAGCTGCGTAGTCAAGTCCCA	construction of pUC19-35S-PtrLBD12-GFP
pBI121-LBD12-F	CTAGGGATCCATGCGGATGAGTTGTAATGGAT	pBI121-35S-PtrLBD12载体构建
pBI121-LBD12-R	CTAGGAGCTCTCAAGCTGCGTAGTCAAGTC	construction of pBI121-35S-PtrLBD12
M13F	GTAAAACGACGGCCAG	基因克隆检测detection of gene cloning
35S-F	CAACCACGTCTTCAAAGCAAG	转基因鉴定transgenic plants identification

引物名称 primer name	序列(5'-3') sequence	引物名称 primer name	序列(5'-3') sequence
PtrActin-F	TGTTGCCCTTGACTATGAGCAGGA	PtrHCT6-R	GCCAAAGTAACCAGGAGGGAGTTG
PtrActin-R	ACGGAATCTCTCAGCTCCAATGGT	PtrCSE1-F	GATACTGGCTGGCTGTTTCA
PtrPAL1-F	CCATCCAGGTCAAATTGAGGCTGCT	PtrCSE1-R	CATGTAGCAGCGTAAACCGT
PtrPAL1-R	ACTTCTTAGCTGCCTTCATGTAAGCT	PtrCSE2-F	GGTGACATGGACAAGATTGC
PtrPAL2-F	CCTAGAAGCCATCACCAAGTTGCTC	PtrCSE2-R	AAGGCTGGTAAGCCCTTGTA
PtrPAL2-R	GTTTCTCCATTGGGTCCCACG	PtrC3H3-F	GTATGACCTTAGTGAAGACACAATCAT
PtrPAL3-F	CATCCAGGTCAAATTGAGGCTGCA	PtrC3H3-R	CCCTTGGGTTCTTGATTAGCTC
PtrPAL3-R	ACTTCTTAGCTGCCTTCATGTAAGC	PtrCCoAOMT1-F	CAGTAATTCAGAAAGCTGGTGTTGC
PtrPAL4-F	GAGATGCTGGAAGCTATCACCAAAT	PtrCCoAOMT1-R	GCATCCACAAAGATGAAATCAAAAC
PtrPAL4-R	GGCTCTCCATTGGGTCCAACT	PtrCCoAOMT2-F	CCTTCCAACGCCAGGAAAGAGAGTA
PtrPAL5-F	GAGATGCTGGAAGCTATCACCAAGC	PtrCCoAOMT2-R	GTGGCCAACTTCTTGATGCCTTCCG
PtrPAL5-R	GGCTCTCCATTGGGTCCAACT	PtrCCoAOMT3-F	TGATCGAACCTGCTGTAAAGGGCA
PtrC4H1-F	AGTGCGCCATAGACCATATCCTC	PtrCCoAOMT3-R	TGCACACAGCAACCATAGAGGACA
PtrC4H1-R	ATTGCAGCGACGTTGATGTTCTCA	PtrCCR2-F	CGGTGATTCAGAAAGCTGGTCTGGA
PtrC4H2-F	GAAATGTGCAATTGATCATATTTTG	PtrCCR2-R	GCATCCACAAAGATGAAGTCATAAG
PtrC4H2-R	ATTGCAGCAACATTGATGTTCTCC	PtrCAld5H1-F	AATCCAATATAGGCAAGCCTGTGAACG
Ptr4CL3-F	ACTAGCCCATCCAGAGATATCCGA	PtrCAld5H1-R	ATTTTTGGCCCCAAAAGCTGCTCTA
Ptr4CL3-R	TCATCTTCGGTGGCCTGAGACTTT	PtrCAld5H2-F	AAGCCAATATAGGCAAGCCTGTGAATC
Ptr4CL5-F	GTGATCATGCTCATCCTGCCAAGT	PtrCAld5H2-R	ATTTTTAGCCCCGAAAGCTGCTCTG
Ptr4CL5-R	TTGGCAGCAGTAGTAATGGCACCT	PtrCOMT2-F	TCTTGAAGAATTGCTATGACGCCT
PtrHCT1-F	ATCAGCATGTAAGGCACGCGG	PtrCOMT2-R	GAATGCACTCAACAAGTATCACCTTG
PtrHCT1-R	TGCCAAAGTAACCAGGTGGAAGCGT	PtrCAD1-F	GGCAAGCTGATCTTGATGGGTGTT
PtrHCT6-F	AGATCAACATGCAAAGCACGTGA	PtrCAD1-F	TCCCGGTGATTGACTTTCTCCCAA

Regulation of LBD12 transcription factor on wood formation in Populus trichocarpa

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