Protection policy impacts on landscape pattern changes and ecosystem service value responses in Fuxian Lake basin

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202209024

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (3): 145-154.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202209024

Special Issue: 自然保护地体系下景观设计理论与实践研究

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Protection policy impacts on landscape pattern changes and ecosystem service value responses in Fuxian Lake basin

LI Sirong(), SU Tongxiang^*()

College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037,China

Received:2022-09-11 Revised:2023-04-15 Online:2024-05-30 Published:2024-06-14

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 Changes in landscape patterns and ecosystem service values (ESVs) in the Fuxian Lake basin are affected by the “Four Retreats and Three Returns” protection policy. Quantitatively understanding such changes can provide a reference for the protection of watershed landscapes. 【Method】 Four sets of remote sensing images taken from 2006 to 2021 (before and after the implementation of the “Four Retreats and Three Returns” protection policy) were selected for landscape classification, and the land use dynamics, transfer matrix and landscape pattern indices were calculated. The ESVs were evaluated using the equivalent factor method and the SPSS software package was used to analyze the correlations between the ESVs in the watershed and the landscape pattern indices. 【Result】 The results indicated that the forested and water system areas in the Fuxian Lake basin were small, while the construction land area was expanding before the implementation of the “Four Retreats and Three Returns” protection policy. The landscape pattern was also complicated and fragmented, with weak connectivity and low ESVs. After the policy was implemented, the forested area increased significantly, the expansion of construction land slowed significantly, and the rate of water system reduction decreased. The degree of fragmentation of the landscape pattern also decreased and the connectivity was enhanced. The ESVs in the basin increased significantly. (2) The ESVs in the Fuxian Lake basin were connected with the landscape pattern, and the total basin ESV was significantly positively correlated with CONTAGE and negatively correlated with SHDI and SHEI. Among the individual ESVs, supply services were significantly negatively correlated with LPI, regulation and support services were significantly positively correlated with CONTAGE and significantly negatively correlated with SHDI and SHEI, and cultural services were significantly positively correlated with CONTAGE. 【Conclusion】 Future studies should focus on the mechanism behind these changes and provide a reference for the next step in protecting and managing the Fuxian Lake basin.

Key words: ecosystem service value(ESV), landscape pattern, ‘Four Retreats and Three Refunds’ policy, Fuxian Lake basin of Yunnan Province

CLC Number:

S759.9

LI Sirong, SU Tongxiang. Protection policy impacts on landscape pattern changes and ecosystem service value responses in Fuxian Lake basin[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2024, 48(3): 145-154.

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影像ID landsat scene ID	数据源 data source	传感器 sensor	条带号 path/row	坐标系统 reference frame	空间分辨率/m spatial resolution	成像时间 time	云量/% cloud cover
LE71290432006067EDC00	Landsat 7	ETM	129/43	WGS 1984 UTM 48N	30	2006-03-08	0.00
LE71290432011321EDC00	Landsat 7	ETM	129/43	WGS 1984 UTM 48N	30	2011-11-17	5.00
LC81290432016327LGN01	Landsat 8	OLI	129/43	WGS 1984 UTM 48N	30	2016-11-22	0.01
LC81290432021324LGN00	Landsat 8	OLI	129/43	WGS 1984 UTM 48N	30	2021-11-20	0.04

生态系统分类 ecosystem classification		生态系统服务价值/(元·hm^-2) ESV
生态系统分类 ecosystem classification		水田 paddy field	旱地 dry land	林地 forest land	灌草丛 bushes	水体 water	未利用地 bare land
供给服务 supply services	食物生产food production	2 638.62	1 649.14	426.84	737.26	1 552.13	0.00
	原料生产raw material production	174.61	776.06	1 008.88	1 086.49	446.24	0.00
	水资源供给water supply	-5 102.62	38.80	523.84	601.45	16 083.93	0.00
调节服务 tuning services	气体调节gas regulation	2 153.58	1 299.91	3 298.27	3 822.12	1 493.92	38.80
	气候调节climate regulation	1 105.90	698.46	9 836.61	10 108.23	4 442.97	0.00
	净化环境purify the environment	329.83	194.02	2 890.84	3 337.08	10 767.89	194.02
	水文调节hydrological regulation	5 277.24	523.84	6 480.13	7 411.41	198 361.96	58.20
支持服务 support services	土壤保持soil conservation	19.42	1 998.36	3 996.73	4 656.38	1 804.35	38.80
	维持养分循环maintain nutrient cling	368.63	232.82	310.43	349.23	135.81	0.00
	生物多样性Biodiversity	407.43	252.22	3 647.50	4 229.55	4 947.41	38.80
文化服务 cultural services	美学景观landscape aesthetic	174.61	116.41	1 590.93	1 862.55	3 666.90	19.40
合计total		7 547.23	7 780.04	34 011.00	38 201.75	243 703.51	388.02

景观类型 landscape type	2006年		2011年		2016年		2021年
景观类型 landscape type	面积/hm² area	比例/% ratio	面积/hm² area	比例/% ratio	面积/hm² area	比例/% ratio	面积/hm² area	比例/% ratio
水田paddy field	5 802.96	8.54	5 826.23	8.57	5 903.11	8.68	5 749.93	8.46
旱地dryland	10 274.18	15.11	12 687.18	18.66	7 722.65	11.36	6 712.92	9.87
林地woodland	21 487.49	31.60	17 911.79	26.35	24 570.68	36.14	25 124.14	36.95
灌草丛bushes	5 729.80	8.43	6 363.78	9.36	4 458.80	6.56	5 183.21	7.62
水体water	21 978.02	32.33	21 891.85	32.20	21 860.48	32.15	21 772.03	32.02
建设用地construction land	2 600.53	3.82	3 243.51	4.77	3 441.36	5.06	3 431.33	5.05
未利用地bare land	115.60	0.17	64.24	0.09	31.50	0.05	15.02	0.02
总计total	67 988.58	100.00	67 988.58	100.00	67 988.58	100.00	67 988.58	100.00

年份 year	单一土地利用动态度 single land use dynamics							土地利用动态度 integrated land use dynamics
年份 year	水田 paddy field	旱地 dry land	林地 forest land	灌草丛 bushes	水体 water	建设用地 construction land	未利用地 bare land	土地利用动态度 integrated land use dynamics
2006—2011	0.08	4.70	-3.33	2.21	-0.08	4.94	-8.89	1.68
2011—2016	0.26	-7.83	7.44	-5.99	-0.03	1.22	-10.19	2.13
2016—2021	-0.52	-2.61	0.45	3.25	-0.08	-0.06	-10.46	1.93

时间 time	项目 item	景观类型 landscape type						服务类型service type
时间 time	项目 item	水田 paddy field	旱地 dry land	林地 forest land	灌草丛 bushes	水体 water	未利用地 bare land	供给服务 supply services	调节服务 tuning services	支持服务 support services	文化服务 cultural services	总计 total
2006	ESV/×10⁶元	43.80	79.93	730.81	218.89	5 356.12	0.04	5 431.13	405.36	127.66	465.45	6 429.59
2006	比例/%	0.68	1.24	11.37	3.40	83.30	0.00	84.47	6.30	1.99	7.24	100.00
2011	ESV/×10⁶元	43.97	98.71	609.20	243.11	5 335.12	0.02	5 354.52	388.18	123.12	464.31	6 330.13
2011	比例/%	0.69	1.56	9.62	3.84	84.28	0.00	84.59	6.13	1.94	7.34	100.00
2016	ESV/×10⁶元	44.55	60.08	835.67	170.33	5 327.48	0.01	5 437.81	411.07	129.49	459.76	6 438.13
2016	比例/%	0.69	0.93	12.98	2.65	82.75	0.00	84.46	6.38	2.01	7.14	100.00
2021	ESV/×10⁶元	43.40	52.23	854.50	198.01	5 305.92	0.01	5 445.02	418.92	131.25	458.87	6 454.06
2021	比例/%	0.67	0.81	13.24	3.07	82.21	0.00	84.37	6.49	2.03	7.11	100.00
2006—2011	ESV变化/×10⁶元	0.17	18.78	-121.61	24.22	-28.64	-0.02	-76.61	-17.18	-4.54	-1.14	-99.46
2006—2011	年变化率/%	0.07	4.70	-3.32	2.21	-0.11	-8.00	-0.28	-0.85	-0.71	-0.05	-0.31
2011—2016	ESV变化/×10⁶元	0.58	-38.63	226.47	-72.78	-7.64	-0.01	83.31	22.89	6.37	-4.55	108.00
2011—2016	年变化率/%	0.26	-7.83	7.43	-0.60	-0.03	-5.00	0.31	7.85	1.03	-0.20	0.34
2016—2021	ESV变化/×10⁶元	-1.15	-7.85	18.83	27.68	-21.56	0.00	7.21	7.85	1.76	-0.89	15.93
2016—2021	年变化率/%	-0.51	-2.61	0.45	3.30	-0.08	0.00	0.03	0.38	0.27	-0.04	0.05

Protection policy impacts on landscape pattern changes and ecosystem service value responses in Fuxian Lake basin

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景观格局指数 landscape pattern index	R_供给服务	R_调节服务	R_支持服务	R_文化服务	R _ESV总量
NP	-0.473	0.083	0.329	0.344	0.11
LPI	0.985^*	-0.49	-0.712	-0.718	-0.52
CONTAG	-0.685	0.986^*	0.979^*	0.985^*	0.989^*
SPLIT	0.715	-0.724	-0.719	-0.691	-0.743
SHDI	0.841	-0.917^*	-0.979^*	-0.979^*	-0.925
SHEI	0.841	-0.917^*	-0.979^*	-0.979^*	-0.925

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