Effects of various ratios of nitrogen and phosphorus addition on the growth and contents of leaf bioactive substances in Cyclocarya paliurus

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202303009

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (4): 57-66.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202303009

Special Issue: 专题报道Ⅱ：乡村振兴视域下药用树种青钱柳培育研究

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Effects of various ratios of nitrogen and phosphorus addition on the growth and contents of leaf bioactive substances in Cyclocarya paliurus

LIU Xiaofang¹(), YUE Xiliang¹, FANG Shengzuo¹^,²^,^*(), LI Qing³, SUN Xin¹

1. College of Forestry and Grassland, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
2. Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037, China
3. Jiangxi Yushan-Yuhechang Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., Yushan 334700, China

Received:2023-03-07 Revised:2023-04-13 Online:2024-07-30 Published:2024-08-05
Contact: FANG Shengzuo E-mail:1909216683@qq.com;fangsz@njfu.edu.cn

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】This study aimed to provide a theoretical basis for the strategic cultivation of plantations, and to increase the content of bioactive substances in leaves by investigating the effects of various nitrogen and phosphorus levels on the growth and bioactive substance content in Cyclocarya paliurus leaves.【Method】The research is conducted in the field and utilized a two-factor complete block design, incorporating three levels of nitrogen application (N₀, N₁, N₂) and three levels of phosphorus application (P₀, P₁, P₂), creating nine treatments with three replicates each. The growth indexes of seedlings and the contents of total flavonoids, total triterpenoids, total polyphenols and total polysaccharides in leaves were determined. A two-way ANOVA was used to compare the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus and their interaction on related indexes.【Result】The study found that different ratios of nitrogen and phosphorus significantly influenced both the growth and the bioactive substance content in C. paliurus leaves (P<0.05). The contents of total flavonoids, triterpenoids, and polyphenols in the leaves exhibited a parabolic seasonal variation, peaking in July, while the highest polysaccharides content was observed in September. Compared to the control treatment (N₀P₀), all nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizations enhanced tree growth, with the most substantial growth in tree height and ground diameter occurring in the N₂P₂ treatment. The effects of nitrogen and phosphorus ratios on the bioactive substances varied, displaying differences among the substances and the sampling months sampled. The variation in the contents of total flavonoid, total triterpenoids, total polyphenols and total polysaccharides in June ranged from 17.01 to 34.25 mg/g, from 39.11 to 55.77 mg/g, from 22.74 to 53.98 mg/g, and from 22.36 to 33.24 mg/g, respectively, while in October, the ranges were 16.95-35.26, 38.03-54.17, 19.78-33.98 and 23.33-32.46 mg/g, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed no significant relationship between the monthly growth in tree height and the content of bioactive substances (total flavonoid, total triterpenoids, total polyphenols and total polysaccharides) in the leaves (P>0.05). However, weakly negative correlations were observed between the ground diameter growth and the contents of total triterpenoids and total polyphenols in the leaves (P<0.05). Notably, there were significant positive correlations between the growth of tree height and ground diameter, as well as among the different bioactive substances (P<0.01).【 Conclusion】A high ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus addition benefit the growth of C. paliurus and enhances the content of total triterpenoids in the leaves. Sole nitrogen or phosphorus supplements boost the content of secondary metabolites, whereas a combined application tends to decrease the content of total polysaccharides. There is a noticeable trade-off between the growth of C. paliurus and the content of secondary metabolites in its leaves.

Key words: Cyclocarya paliurus, fertilization, tree net growth, bioactive substances

CLC Number:

S725

LIU Xiaofang, YUE Xiliang, FANG Shengzuo, LI Qing, SUN Xin. Effects of various ratios of nitrogen and phosphorus addition on the growth and contents of leaf bioactive substances in Cyclocarya paliurus[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2024, 48(4): 57-66.

Figures/Tables 11

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土层深度/cm soil depth	pH	全碳含量/ (g·kg^-1) total carbon	全氮含量/ (g·kg^-1) total nitrogen	全磷含量/ (g·kg^-1) total phosphorus	全钾含量/ (g·kg^-1) total potassium	碱解氮含量/ (mg·kg^-1) alkaline N	速效钾含量/ (g·kg^-1) available K
0~20	3.60	6.58	1.08	0.15	21.32	45.42	3.10
[20,40)	3.61	4.36	0.94	0.14	24.59	40.72	2.70
≥40	3.59	4.28	1.04	0.10	27.28	42.04	2.29

处理 treatment	N-P配施量/(g·株^-1) fertilization amount
处理 treatment	2021年	2022年
N₀P₀	0-0	0-0
N₀P₁	0-5	0-10
N₀P₂	0-15	0-30
N₁P₀	5-0	10-0
N₁P₁	5-5	10-10
N₁P₂	5-15	10-30
N₂P₀	10-0	20-0
N₂P₁	10-5	20-10
N₂P₂	10-15	20-30

变异来源 source of variation	df	苗高净生长量/cm net growth of seedling height		地径净生长量/mm net growth of ground diameter
变异来源 source of variation	df	F	P	F	P
氮肥N fertilizer	2	70.085	0.000	14.752	0.000
磷肥P fertilizer	2	13.566	0.000	2.480	0.091
交互interaction	4	3.239	0.017	5.059	0.001

指标 index	时间(年-月) time (year-month)	氮肥(df=2) N fertilizer		磷肥(df=2) P fertilizer		交互(df=4) interaction
指标 index	时间(年-月) time (year-month)	F	P	F	P	F	P
总黄酮含量 total flavonoid content	2021-06	0.101	0.905	1.775	0.198	0.643	0.639
	2021-10	2.371	0.122	2.666	0.097	0.831	0.523
	2022-06	54.631	0.000	30.569	0.000	20.172	0.000
	2022-10	5.162	0.017	51.881	0.000	4.115	0.015
总三萜含量 total triterpenoid content	2021-06	0.772	0.477	0.599	0.560	0.770	0.558
	2021-10	5.319	0.015	2.065	0.156	1.454	0.257
	2022-06	1.252	0.310	1.843	0.187	11.717	0.000
	2022-10	3.988	0.037	18.502	0.000	6.023	0.003
总多酚含量 total polyphenols content	2021-06	0.126	0.882	2.050	0.158	0.523	0.720
	2021-10	4.077	0.035	0.486	0.623	1.013	0.427
	2022-06	34.604	0.000	114.669	0.000	101.887	0.000
	2022-10	1.661	0.218	70.027	0.000	5.210	0.006
总多糖含量 total polysaccharides content	2021-06	0.066	0.936	0.371	0.695	0.540	0.709
	2021-10	1.066	0.365	0.658	0.530	0.596	0.670
	2022-06	0.658	0.530	3.586	0.049	1.414	0.270
	2022-10	9.104	0.002	0.564	0.579	9.101	0.000

指标 index	苗高净生长量 net growth of seedling height	地径净生长量 net growth of ground diameter	总黄酮含量 total flavonoid content	总三萜含量 total triterpenoid content	总多酚含量 total polyphenols content
地径净生长量 net growth of ground diameter	0.779^**
总黄酮含量 total flavonoid content	-0.018	-0.121
总三萜含量 total triterpenoid content	-0.053	-0.097	0.738^**
总多酚含量 total polyphenols content	-0.138	-0.058	0.686^**	0.523^**
总多糖含量 total polysaccharides content	-0.008	0.049	0.259^**	0.290^**	0.439^**

Effects of various ratios of nitrogen and phosphorus addition on the growth and contents of leaf bioactive substances in Cyclocarya paliurus

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