Effects of Bacillus velezensis HZM9 on tree growth of Zelkova schneideriana and microbial communities in their root soil

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202308042

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (3): 213-219.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202308042

Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of Bacillus velezensis HZM9 on tree growth of Zelkova schneideriana and microbial communities in their root soil

YANG Haoye¹(), XU Teng¹, YU Shijun², SHANG Chu², WANG Kechun², FAN Ben¹^,^*()

1. College of Forestry and Grassland, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
2. Jiangsu Nongjing Eco-Construction Co., Ltd., Jurong 212446, China

Received:2023-08-16 Accepted:2023-11-17 Online:2025-05-30 Published:2025-05-27
Contact: FAN Ben E-mail:tranqlar@hotmail.com;fanben@njfu.edu.cn

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The study aimed to determine the effects of a biocontrol agent used to treat zelkova (Zelkova schneideriana) wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum on the microorganisms in the rhizospheric soil of zelkova. 【Method】The disease control efficiency and growth promoting effects of Bacillus velezensis HZM9 on zelkova trees challenged by F. oxysporum in a plantation in Jurong City, Jiangsu Province, were determined in this study. The diameter at breast height (DBH) and death rate of the zelkova trees were analyzed after one year of treatment. Samples of rhizospheric soil were collected from the region around the roots of zelkova trees, following which the activities of four enzymes (soil urease, alkaline phosphatase, catalase, and sucrase) and the structure of the microbial community in the soil were analyzed. 【Result】Compared to that of the untreated control, B. velezensis HZM9 treatment increased the DBH of zelkova trees by 17%, and reduced their death rate from 8.7% to 5.3%. Treatment with B. velezensis HZM9 had little influence on the activities of soil enzymes but increased the soil microbial diversity. In particular, the relative abundance of the beneficial microbial groups, including Mortierella sp., improved significantly. 【Conclusion】The findings indicated that B. velezensis HZM9 can significantly promote the growth of zelkova trees and alter the structure of the soil microbial community, which may benefit the long-term production of zelkova trees.

Key words: Fusarium oxysporum, Zelkova schneideriana, wilt disease, soil microbial community structure, soil fungi, soil bacteria

CLC Number:

S476.9

YANG Haoye, XU Teng, YU Shijun, SHANG Chu, WANG Kechun, FAN Ben. Effects of Bacillus velezensis HZM9 on tree growth of Zelkova schneideriana and microbial communities in their root soil[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2025, 49(3): 213-219.

Figures/Tables 4

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Table 1

Relative abundance(RA) of the soil bacteria and fungi at phylum, family, genus level"

分类等级 taxonomic level	细菌相对丰度/% bacterial RA			真菌相对丰度/% fungal RA
分类等级 taxonomic level	分类名 taxonomy	SJ	WS	分类名 taxonomy	SJ	WS
门 phylum	酸杆菌门Acidobacteriota	38	37	子囊菌门Ascomycota	39	37
	变形菌门Proteobacteria	28	28	摩氏菌门Mortierellomycota	32	13
	拟杆菌门Bacteroidota	7	4	担子菌门Basidiomycota	14	34
	放线菌门Actinobacteriota	6	6	壶菌门Chytridiomycota	2	<1
	绿弯菌门Chloroflexi	4	5	球囊菌门Glomeromycota	2	5
	宝石单胞菌门Gemmatimonadota	2	3	毛霉菌门Mucoromycota	<1	4
	粘球菌门Myxococcota	3	1	罗泽菌门Rozellomycota	<1	<1
	疣微菌门Verrucomicrobiota	2	6	单鞭毛菌门Monoblepharomycota	<1	<1
	WPS-2	1	2	壶柄菌门Blastocladiomycota	<1	<1
	Latescibacterota	<1	<1	钙孢菌门Calcarisporiellomycota	<1	<1
	其他others	8	7	其他others	10	5
科 family	吡喃单胞菌科Pyrinomonadaceae	4	<1	被孢霉科Mortierellaceae	32	13
	土杆菌科Solibacteraceae	4	5	Sordariales fam Incertae sedis	8	2
	几丁质菌科Chitinophagaceae	4	2	Trimorphomycetaceae	5	<1
	苔藓杆菌科Bryobacteraceae	3	3	赤壳菌科Nectriaceae	4	4
	宝石单胞菌科Gemmatimonadaceae	4	3	毛壳科Chaetomiaceae	3	3
	微肽菌科Micropepsaceae	3	5	晶杯菌科Hyaloscyphaceae	3	2
	黄杆菌科Xanthobacteraceae	3	3	小壶菌科Spizellomycetaceae	2	<1
	伯克氏菌科Burkholderiaceae	3	3	白蘑科Tricholomataceae	1	<1
	鞘氨醇单胞菌科Sphingomonadaceae	3	3	角担菌科Ceratobasidiaceae	1	3
	亚硝化单胞菌科Nitrosomonadaceae	3	1	曲霉科Aspergillaceae	<1	<1
	其他others	66	72	其他others	40	71
属genus	RB41	4	<1	根霉属Mortierella	32	13
	候选土杆菌属Candidatus solibacter	4	5	丛毛霉属Staphylotrichum	<1	1
	苔藓杆菌属Bryobacter	3	3	斋藤酵母属Saitozyma	8	<1
	Burkholderia-Caballeronia	2	2	壳孢属Cistella	5	2
	酸杆菌属Acidibacter	1	2	斯氏壶菌属Spizellomyces	2	2
	鞘氨醇单胞菌属Sphingomonas	1	2	丝膜菌属Mycena	2	<1
	黄杆菌属Flavobacterium	1	2	枝孢霉属Cladosporium	1	<1
	盐壤菌属Haliangium	1	<1	青霉属Penicillium	<1	<1
	候选柯里杆菌属Candidatus koribacter	<1	<1	角担菌属Ceratobasidium	<1	<1
	Puia	<1	<1	木霉属Trichoderma	<1	<1
	其他others	82	83	其他others	47	80

Table 1

Fig. 3

References 34

[1]	刘侃诚, 许伟, 郁世军, 等. 榉树枯萎病的发生为害调查及病原鉴定[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2015, 39(6):24-28.
	LIU K C, XU W, YU S J, et al. Investigations on blight disease of Zelkova schneideriana and pathogen identification[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition), 2015, 39(6):24-28.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2015.06.005.
[2]	刘侃诚, 许伟, 郁世军, 等. 防治榉树枯萎病室内杀菌剂的筛选[J]. 林业科技开发, 2015(2):127-129.
	LIU K C, XU W, YU S J, et al. Screening on effective fungicide for blight disease of Zelkova on culture medium[J]. China Forestry Science and Technology, 2015(2):127-129.DOI: 10.13360/j.issn.1000-8101.2015.02.031.
[3]	周明国, 叶钟音, 刘经芬. 杀菌剂抗性研究进展[J]. 南京农业大学学报, 1994, 17(3):33-41.
	ZHOU M G, YE Z Y, LIU J F. Progress of fungicide resistance research[J]. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, 1994, 17(3):33-41. DOI: 10.7685/j.issn.1000-2030.1994.03.005.
[4]	CHEN X H, KOUMOUTSI A, SCHOLZ R, et al. Comparative analysis of the complete genome sequence of the plant growth-promoting bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42[J]. Nature Biotechnology, 2007, 25(9):1007-1014.DOI: 10.1038/nbt1325.
[5]	FAN B, WANG C, SONG X F, et al. Bacillus velezensis FZB42 in 2018:The gram-positive model strain for plant growth promotion and biocontrol[J]. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2018,9:2491.DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02491.
[6]	HAN X S, SHEN D X, XIONG Q, et al. The plant-beneficial rhizobacterium Bacillus velezensis FZB42 controls the soybean pathogen Phytophthora sojae due to bacilysin production[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2021, 87(23):e0160121.DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01601-21.
[7]	XU Z H, MANDIC-MULEC I, ZHANG H H, et al. Antibiotic bacillomycin D affects iron acquisition and biofilm formation in Bacillus velezensis through a btr-mediated FeuABC-dependent pathway[J]. Cell Reports, 2019, 29(5):1192-1202.e5.DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.09.061.
[8]	HUANG R, FENG H C, XU Z H, et al. Identification of adhesins in plant beneficial rhizobacteria Bacillus velezensis SQR9 and their effect on root colonization[J]. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 2022, 35(1):64-72.DOI: 10.1094/MPMI-09-21-0234-R.
[9]	SHAO J H, LIU Y, XIE J Y, et al. Annulment of bacterial antagonism improves plant beneficial activity of a Bacillus velezensis consortium[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2022, 88(8):e0024022.DOI: 10.1128/aem.00240-22.
[10]	WANG C Q, ZHAO D Y, QI G Z, et al. Effects of Bacillus velezensis FKM10 for promoting the growth of Malus hupehensis rehd. and inhibiting Fusarium verticillioides[J]. Frontiers in Micro-biology, 2020,10:2889.DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02889.
[11]	MENG J X, ZHANG X Y, HAN X S, et al. Application and development of biocontrol agents in China[J]. Pathogens, 2022, 11(10):1120.DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11101120.
[12]	樊奔, 李昱龙, 祁奇. 瓦雷兹芽孢杆菌FZB42菌株拮抗两种树木病原真菌及其机理研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2016, 40(6):103-108.
	FAN B, LI Y L, QI Q. Study on antagonism and mechanisms of Bacillus velezensis FZB42 strain against two species of tree fungi pathogens[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition), 2016, 40(6):103-108.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2016.06.016.
[13]	胡忠亮, 郑催云, 田兴一, 等. 解淀粉芽孢杆菌HZM9菌株发酵液的抑菌谱及稳定性测定[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 41(3):65-70.
	HU Z L, ZHENG C Y, TIAN X Y, et al. Determination of the inhibitory spectrum and stability of culture filtrate from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens HZM9[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition), 2017, 41(3):65-70.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2017.201603053.
[14]	宁夏化学分析测试协会. 土壤脲酶活性的测定苯酚钠-次氯酸钠比色法:T/NAIA 011—2020[S]. 2020.
	Ningxia Association of Chemical Analysis and Testing. Determination of soil urease activity-potassium sodium phenolate-sodium hypochlorite colorimetric method:T/NAIA 011—2020[S]. 2020.
[15]	宁夏化学分析测试协会. 土壤磷酸酶活性的测定磷酸苯二钠比色法:T/NAIA 012—2020[S]. 2020.
	Ningxia Association of Chemical Analysis and Testing. Determination of soil phosphatase activity by colorimetric method of disodium phenyl phosphate:T/NAIA 012—2020[S]. 2020.
[16]	宁夏化学分析测试协会. 土壤蔗糖酶活性的测定 3,5-二硝基水杨酸比色法:T/NAIA 010—2020[S]. 2020.
	Ningxia Association of Chemical Analysis and Testing. Determination of soil invertase activity by 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid colorimetric method:T/NAIA 010—2020[S]. 2020.
[17]	杨兰芳, 曾巧, 李海波, 等. 紫外分光光度法测定土壤过氧化氢酶活性[J]. 土壤通报, 2011, 42(1):207-210.
	YANG L F, ZENG Q, LI H B, et al. Measurement of catalase activity in soil by ultraviolet spectrophotometry[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2011, 42(1):207-210.DOI: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2011.01.043.
[18]	LEWIS W H, TAHON G, GEESINK P, et al. Innovations to culturing the uncultured microbial majority[J]. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2020, 19(4):225-240.DOI: 10.1038/s41579-020-00458-8.
[19]	黄芳芳. 农药对三七根际土壤被孢霉的影响及其田间定殖能力[D]. 昆明: 云南大学, 2017.
	HUANG F F. Effect of pesticides on Mortierella in rhizospheric soil of Panax notoginseng and their colonization ability in the field[D]. Kunming: Yunnan University, 2017.
[20]	XU Z H, ZHANG H H, SUN X L, et al. Bacillus velezensis wall teichoic acids are required for biofilm formation and root colonization[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2019, 85(5):e02116-18.DOI: 10.1128/AEM.02116-18.
[21]	隋凤翔, 郑义, 杨芷怡, 等. 瓦雷兹芽孢杆菌FZB42对松杉球壳孢抑菌活性的影响[J]. 东北林业大学学报, 2022, 50(4):83-88.
	SUI F X, ZHENG Y, YANG Z Y, et al. Antimicrobial activity of Bacillus velezensis FZB42 against Sphaeropsis sapinea[J]. Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 2022, 50(4):83-88.DOI: 10.13759/j.cnki.dlxb.2022.04.008.
[22]	WU L M, HUANG Z Y, LI X, et al. Stomatal closure and SA-,JA/ET-Signaling pathways are essential for Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42 to restrict leaf disease caused by Phytophthora nicotianae in Nicotiana benthamiana[J]. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2018,9:847.DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00847.
[23]	FAZLE RABBEE M, BAEK K H. Antimicrobial activities of lipopeptides and polyketides of Bacillus velezensis for agricultural applications[J]. Molecules, 2020, 25(21):4973.DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214973.
[24]	殷陶刚, 李玉泽. 土壤酶活性影响因素及测定方法的研究进展[J]. 矿产勘查, 2019, 10(6):1523-1528.
	YIN T G, LI Y Z. Research progress on factors affecting soil enzyme activity and its determination methods[J]. Mineral Exploration, 2019, 10(6):1523-1528.
[25]	荆佳强, 萨仁其力莫格, 秦洁, 等. 利用方式对贝加尔针茅草原土壤微生物群落结构与土壤酶活性的影响[J]. 中国草地学报, 2022, 44(2):33-40.
	JING J Q, Sarenqilimogen, QIN J, et al. Effects of utilization methods on soil microbial community structure and soil enzyme activity in Stipa baicalensis steppe[J]. Chinese Journal of Grassland, 2022, 44(2):33-40.DOI: 10.16742/j.zgcdxb.20210130.
[26]	朱海云, 马瑜, 柯杨, 等. 不同年龄时期石榴园土壤养分、微生物量及酶活性[J]. 土壤通报, 2022, 53(3):588-595.
	ZHU H Y, MA Y, KE Y, et al. Soil nutrients,microbial quantities and enzyme activities in the pomegranate orchards with different age stages[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2022, 53(3):588-595.DOI: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2021090801.
[27]	CHOWDHURY S P, DIETEL K, RÄNDLER M, et al. Effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42 on lettuce growth and health under pathogen pressure and its impact on the rhizosphere bacterial community[J]. PLoS One, 2013, 8(7):e68818.DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068818.
[28]	李燕, 齐连芬, 侯大山, 等. 棉隆熏蒸后添加微生物菌剂对草莓连作土壤中真菌多样性的影响[J]. 中国蔬菜, 2024(2):78-87.
	LI Y, QI L F, HOU D S, et al. Effect of adding microbial agent after dazoment fumigation treatment on fungal diversity in strawberry continuous cropping soil[J]. China Vegetables, 2024(2):78-87.DOI: 10.19928/j.cnki.1000-6346.2024.5002.
[29]	MÁSMELA-MENDOZA J E, MORENO-VELANDIA C A. Bacillus velezensis supernatant mitigates tomato Fusarium wilt and affects the functional microbial structure in the rhizosphere in a concentration-dependent manner[J]. Rhizosphere, 2022,21:100475.DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2022.100475.
[30]	WANG C W, MICHELLE WONG J W, YEH S S, et al. Soil bacterial community may offer solutions for ginger cultivation[J]. Microbiology Spectrum, 2022, 10(5):e0180322.DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01803-22.
[31]	SUN X L, XU Z H, XIE J Y, et al. Bacillus velezensis stimulates resident rhizosphere Pseudomonas stutzeri for plant health through metabolic interactions[J]. The ISME Journal, 2021, 16(3):774-787.DOI: 10.1038/s41396-021-01125-3.
[32]	CHEN X R, YANG F, BAI C W, et al. Bacillus velezensis strain GUMT319 reshapes soil microbiome biodiversity and increases grape yields[J]. Biology, 2022, 11(10):1486.DOI: 10.3390/biology11101486.
[33]	OZIMEK E, HANAKA A. Mortierella species as the plant growth-promoting fungi present in the agricultural soils[J]. Agriculture, 2021, 11(1):7.DOI: 10.3390/agriculture11010007.
[34]	XIONG W, LI R, REN Y, et al. Distinct roles for soil fungal and bacterial communities associated with the suppression of Vanilla fusarium wilt disease[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2017, 107:198-207.DOI: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.01.010.

Metrics

Comments

www.nldxb.njfu.edu.cn

Edited ＆ Published by Editorial Department of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Sciences Edition)
Address： No.159 Longpan Road,Nanjing 210037 Jiangsu,P.R.China
E-mail ：xuebao@njfu.edu.cn , xuebao@njfu.com.cn
Telephone +86-25-85428247,85427076
Distributed by China International Book Trading Corporation P.O. Box 399, Beijing ,P.R. China

Effects of Bacillus velezensis HZM9 on tree growth of Zelkova schneideriana and microbial communities in their root soil

RichHTML

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 4

References 34

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

Author

Reader

Reviewer

[1]	GAO Jingbin, XU Liuyi, YE Jianren. Growth and genetic diversity analysis of clones screened by phenotypical resistant to pine wilt disease in Pinus massoniana [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2021, 45(5): 109-118.
[2]	MENG Haiqin, YE Jianren, WANG Minjia, CAO Yiyang. Using wood rot fungi to treat plague wood caused by pine wilt disease [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2021, 45(4): 183-189.
[3]	YIN Yannan, TAN Jiajin, LI Mengwei, XU Jialin, HAO Dejun. A study on the biocontrol of pine wilt disease by Bacillus cereus NJSZ-13 [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2021, 45(3): 152-158.
[4]	WANG Shumei, WANG Bo, FAN Shaohui, XIAO Xiao, XIA Wen, GUAN Fengying. Influence of strip cutting management on soil bacterial community structure and diversity in Phyllostachys edulis stands [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2021, 45(2): 60-68.
[5]	SHENG Ruocheng, LI Min, CHEN Jun, GAO Zhijian, SUN Shouhui, YE Jianren, CHEN Fengmao. Comparison of morphological index and pathogenicity of two isolates of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in southern and northern in China [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2019, 43(6): 18-24.
[6]	TAO Huan, LI Cunjun, XIE Chunchun, ZHOU Jingping, HUAI Heju, JIANG Liya, LI Fengtao. Recognition of red-attack pine trees from UAV imagery based on the HSV threshold method [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2019, 43(03): 99-106.
[7]	CHEN Tingting,YE Jianren,WU Xiaoqin,SHEN Liyuan,ZHU Lihua. Somatic embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration of disease-resistant Pinus massoniana Lamb. [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2019, 43(03): 1-8.
[8]	WANG Huaguang, LI Liang, JU Yunwei, ZHANG Jinchi, ZHAO Boguang. Pathological changes in ultrastructure of the Pinus thunbergii due to flagellin toxin [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2018, 42(06): 137-144.
[9]	ZHU Hong, WANG Xiaomin, HUANG Tao, WU Wenlong, LI Weilin. Effect of NaCl stress on bacterial community diversity and core microbiome in rhizosphere and bulk soil of beach plum(Prunus maritima Marshall) [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2017, 41(04): 49-54.
[10]	WANG Zhangli, YE Jianren, ZHU Lihua, WU Xiaoqin, SUN Tingyu. Mycorrhization of tissue-cultured plantlets of nematode-resistant Pinus densiflora [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2015, 39(01): 27-32.
[11]	WU Chuping, YE Jihua,ZHANG Jun, SHEN Aihua, ZHU Jinru, YING Baogen, YUAN Weigao, JIANG Bo. The variation of stand structure of Pinus thunbergii forest after the invasion of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2013, 37(05): 81-86.
[12]	QIN Li, WU Xiaoqin*. Effects of hormone and light on in vitro preservation of axillary buds of Pinus densiflora resistant to pine wilt disease [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2011, 35(05): 31-34.
[13]	HUANG Lin, YE Jianren*, LIU Xuelian. Advance in population differentiation of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2009, 33(04): 135-139.
[14]	WANG Min-min1,2, YE Jian-ren1*, WANG Yun-hua3. Aplication of Attractant for Controlling Pine Wilt Disease and Interrelated Techniques [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2006, 30(04): 129-131.
[15]	AN Yu lin 1, ZHU Hong bin 1,CHEN Jian dong 1,GAO Jiang yong 2,JI Bao zhong 2. Studies on the Principle of Killing Pests by Water-soaking Treatment [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2002, 26(02): 11-14.