Abstract: From field investigations and inoculations Ceratosphaeria phyllostachydis, the pathogen of the dieback blight of Phyllostachys heterocycla was found to overwinter as mycelium ascospores and conidi-um on the diseased organisims, The perithecia on the lateral branch of 1-3 class was the primary sources of infection and set off ascospores throughout the growing season of P. hetprocycla. especially from May to July. After germination , the ascospores spread over the branches and step in from wound or natural small openings. Temperature, rainfall and rainy days were main factors to the infection of the disease which appeared in late June, The heavest infection took place between early August and September and stopped its spreading after October. The pathogen overwintered from October to next April. The dieback blight of P. heterocycla was a species of disease for many infected courses. The development was mainly affected by the environmental factors: site quality, management class and growing power.